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Epulides in dogs.

P A Reichart1, H P Philipsen, U M Dürr

  • 1Free University of Berlin, West Germany.

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
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Canine epulides are often inflammatory fibrous hyperplasias, not always benign. Histological features like bone formation do not predict behavior, and the term "epulis" is non-specific for accurate diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Oral Pathology
  • Canine Oncology

Background:

  • Epulis is a common oral tumor in dogs, often presenting as a benign growth.
  • Accurate classification of canine epulides is crucial for determining prognosis and treatment.
  • Histological variants of epulis require further investigation for prognostic significance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clinically and histologically describe 81 cases of canine epulides.
  • To evaluate the prognostic significance of metaplastic bone formation and plexiform epithelial hyperplasia in canine epulides.
  • To emphasize the non-specific nature of the term "epulis".

Main Methods:

  • Clinical examination of 81 canine epulides cases.
  • Histological analysis of epulis tissue samples.

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  • Correlation of histological findings with clinical behavior.

    • Main Results:

    • 73 cases were diagnosed as inflammatory fibrous hyperplasias.
    • 37% of hyperplasias showed metaplastic bone formation.
    • 22% demonstrated plexiform epithelial hyperplasia, a variant without a human counterpart.
    • Metaplastic bone formation and plexiform epithelial hyperplasia did not influence lesion behavior or prognosis.
    • 6 cases were pyogenic granulomas and 2 were malignant tumors.

    Conclusions:

    • The term "epulis" is non-specific and does not indicate the true nature of the lesion.
    • Histological variants like metaplastic bone formation and plexiform epithelial hyperplasia lack prognostic significance.
    • Accurate diagnosis requires thorough histological examination beyond the general term "epulis".