Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Analysis of HBV-Specific CD4 T-cell Responses and Identification of HLA-DR-Restricted CD4 T-Cell Epitopes Based on a Peptide Matrix
Published on: October 20, 2021
[Association between chronicity of HBV infection and host immunity]
1Department of Infectious Disease, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
Abstract:
The prognosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is determined by innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and a variety of regulatory factors in the host. Controversy still exists over the role of innate immunity in the progression of HBV infection. Adaptive immunity, especially the immune response mediated by CD8+ T cells, plays an important role in HBV clearance. However, in patients with chronic infection, such CD8+ T cells are often exhausted and associated with various regulatory factors including programmed cell death 1 and T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3. This article elaborates on the association of chronicity of HBV infection with host immune system and various regulating factors.
Related Concept Videos
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Immunological Memory
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
Immunodeficiency Diseases
There are three main causes of immunodeficiency...

