Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Genetic Drift03:33

Genetic Drift

44.9K
Natural selection—probably the most well-known evolutionary mechanism—increases the prevalence of traits that enhance survival and reproduction. However, evolution does not merely propagate favorable traits, nor does it always benefit populations.
44.9K
Transduction01:16

Transduction

2.4K
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
2.4K
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

65.6K
In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
65.6K
Speciation Rates01:07

Speciation Rates

23.3K
Overview
23.3K
Gene Flow02:39

Gene Flow

38.7K
Gene flow is the transfer of genes among populations, resulting from either the dispersal of gametes or from the migration of individuals.
38.7K
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

62.4K
In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
62.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Resistance potentiators: Evolutionary catalysts of antibiotic resistance.

PLoS biology·2026
Same author

Beyond resistance and tolerance: rethinking evolutionary responses to antibiotics from the perspective of individual bacterial cells.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Rapid adaptation accelerates competitive suppression in a parasite community.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

Native mass spectrometry reveals DltA catalysis, DltC loading, and inhibition in the d-alanylation pathway.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Eco-evolutionary responses to plasmid-dependent phage constrain the spread of multidrug-resistance plasmids.

The ISME journal·2026
Same author

Deciphering the Impact of Temperature on Pleiotropic Consequences of RNA Polymerase Mutations.

Molecular biology and evolution·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Testing the Role of Multicopy Plasmids in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance
09:00

Testing the Role of Multicopy Plasmids in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

Published on: May 2, 2018

12.5K

Divergent evolution peaks under intermediate population bottlenecks during bacterial experimental evolution.

Tom Vogwill1, Robyn L Phillips2, Danna R Gifford2

  • 1Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK t.vogwill@imperial.ac.uk.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|July 29, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Population bottlenecks impact bacterial adaptation. While they don't change overall parallel evolution, bottleneck intensity influences the specific genes and genetic mechanisms driving antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas fluorescens.

Keywords:
evolutionary rescueexperimental evolutiongenome sequencingparallel evolutionpopulation bottlenecks

More Related Videos

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach
12:32

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Published on: December 14, 2019

14.9K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
08:11

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Testing the Role of Multicopy Plasmids in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance
09:00

Testing the Role of Multicopy Plasmids in the Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance

Published on: May 2, 2018

12.5K
Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach
12:32

Quantification of Plasmid-Mediated Antibiotic Resistance in an Experimental Evolution Approach

Published on: December 14, 2019

14.9K
Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution
08:11

Author Spotlight: Understanding Microbe Adaptation Using Innovative Techniques for Exploring Thermophilic Evolution

Published on: June 14, 2024

1.5K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Microbial genetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Parallel molecular evolution, the independent evolution of similar traits, is common but its drivers are unclear.
  • Demographic factors like population bottlenecks are hypothesized to significantly influence parallel evolution.
  • Understanding these drivers is crucial for predicting evolutionary trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how bottleneck intensity affects the genomic basis of adaptation to antibiotics.
  • To test the hypothesis that bottleneck intensity shapes parallel evolution in Pseudomonas fluorescens.
  • To elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying antibiotic resistance under varying bottleneck regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized hundreds of Pseudomonas fluorescens populations adapted to antibiotic-supplemented media.
  • Applied varying population bottleneck intensities (intense, intermediate, weak).
  • Analyzed genomic data to identify adaptive mutations and assess parallelism.

Main Results:

  • Bottlenecking decreased the overall rate of phenotypic and molecular adaptation.
  • Genome-wide parallel adaptive molecular evolution was not impacted by bottleneck intensity.
  • Antibiotic resistance evolved via strongly beneficial mutations under intense/weak bottlenecks.
  • Intermediate bottlenecks led to diverse resistance mechanisms, reducing genetic parallelism.

Conclusions:

  • Population bottleneck intensity is a significant predictor of parallel evolution, particularly in specific adaptive contexts like antibiotic resistance.
  • The relationship between bottlenecking and parallelism is complex, with intermediate bottlenecks promoting genetic diversity over strict parallelism.
  • Findings highlight the nuanced role of population history in shaping adaptive evolutionary outcomes.