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Oral clindamycin disposition after single and multiple doses in normal cats
S A Brown1, T M Dieringer, R P Hunter
1Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843.
Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
|June 1, 1989
Summary
Clindamycin pharmacokinetics in cats showed dose-dependent mean residence time and volume of distribution. Oral volume of distribution decreased after repeated dosing, with no observed toxicity.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Pharmacology
- Pharmacokinetics
- Drug Metabolism
Background:
- Clindamycin is a widely used antibiotic in veterinary medicine.
- Understanding its pharmacokinetic profile in cats is crucial for effective therapeutic use.
- Previous studies have not fully elucidated the dose-dependent disposition and effects of repeated dosing in this species.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the serum disposition of clindamycin in normal cats following different dosing regimens.
- To compare model-independent pharmacokinetic parameters between various doses and dosing frequencies.
- To assess the impact of repeated clindamycin administration on hematological and clinical chemistry parameters.
Main Methods:
- Eighteen normal cats were divided into three groups, receiving clindamycin at 5.5 mg/kg b.i.d., 11 mg/kg b.i.d., or 22 mg/kg once daily for 10 days.
- Serum clindamycin concentrations were analyzed using model-independent pharmacokinetic methods (trapezoidal rule and predictive equation).
- Complete blood counts and clinical chemistries were performed pre- and post-treatment.
Main Results:
- The trapezoidal rule method provided more consistent pharmacokinetic data than the predictive equation method.
- Mean residence time was significantly longer with the high dose (22 mg/kg once daily).
- Oral volume of distribution (Vd(ss)/F) was larger with the high dose and significantly smaller after the last dose compared to the first dose.
- Minor, likely blood-collection-related, decreases in leukogram and erythrogram were noted; no clinical intoxication or necropsy findings occurred.
Conclusions:
- Clindamycin exhibits dose-dependent pharmacokinetics in cats, with higher doses leading to longer mean residence times.
- Repeated oral administration of clindamycin results in a decreased oral volume of distribution.
- The studied doses of clindamycin were well-tolerated in normal cats, with no adverse effects observed.