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Skin Cancer

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...

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A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

A Robust Discovery Platform for the Identification of Novel Mediators of Melanoma Metastasis

Published on: March 8, 2022

Biomarkers in melanoma.

Klaus G Griewank¹

¹a Department of Dermatology , University Hospital Essen , Essen , Germany.

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation. Supplementum

|July 29, 2016

Summary

Malignant melanoma, a deadly skin cancer, has seen advances in targeted BRAF and immunotherapy treatments for advanced stages. However, reliable prognostic and predictive biomarkers are still needed to guide therapy and monitor disease progression.

Area of Science:

Oncology
Dermatology
Genetics

Background:

Malignant melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer globally, with poor prognosis for metastatic disease.
Advances in understanding melanoma pathogenesis and targeted therapies have emerged.
Activating BRAF mutations in ~50% of tumors led to BRAF inhibitors and combination therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent advances in melanoma treatment and identify future challenges.
To highlight the need for prognostic and predictive biomarkers in melanoma management.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent advances in melanoma research and treatment.
Analysis of current prognostic criteria and emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

Keywords:

BRAF CTLA-4 immunotherapy PD-1 genetics malignant melanoma prognosis targeted therapy

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Targeted therapies (BRAF inhibitors) and immunotherapies (PD-1, CTLA-4 blockade) have improved outcomes for advanced melanoma.
Despite genetic insights, a clinically applicable prognostic signature is lacking.
Current prognostic assessment relies on clinical and pathological factors like tumor thickness.

Conclusions:

Further research is crucial to develop reliable prognostic tests to predict metastasis.
Biomarkers are needed for patient stratification for optimal systemic therapy (immunotherapy/BRAF inhibitors).
Serum biomarkers for disease monitoring and resistance detection are highly valuable.