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Outcome of Persistent Low-Grade Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia Treated With Loop Electrosurgical Excision
Arsenio Spinillo1, Barbara Gardella, Anna Daniela Iacobone
1Departments of 1Obstetrics and Gynecology and 2Pathology, University of Pavia, IRCCS Fondazione Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy.
Objective:
The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcome of persistent (≥2 years) low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN 1) treated with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP).
Materials And Methods:
A study of 252 subjects with persistent biopsy-confirmed CIN 1 diagnosed after low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or atypical squamous lesions of undetermined significance on Papanicolaou test and treated with LEEP. Post-LEEP follow-up cytological, colposcopic, and molecular diagnostic examinations were scheduled at 6 months, 1 year, and yearly thereafter.
Results:
The 252 subjects enrolled had a total number of 1,008 visits per colposcopies (median = 3, range = 1-7) during a median post-LEEP follow-up of 25 months (range = 12-121). The cumulative incidence of CIN 2+ at 2 years and at 3 years of follow-up was 2.3% (4/176) and 5.5% (7/128), respectively, or 1.7 cases (95% CI = 1-2.8) per 100 woman-years. Low-grade cervical lesions during post-LEEP follow-up were diagnosed in 70 subjects (27.8%) or 10 cases (95% CI = 7.9-12.6) per 100 woman-years. Overall, persistent and multiple high-risk HPV infections during follow-up were associated with increased rates of CIN persistence or progression.
Conclusions:
Women with persistent CIN 1 after atypical squamous lesions of undetermined significance/low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion treated with LEEP had a low rate of progression to CIN 2+ but remained at a high risk of low-grade cervical abnormalities during follow-up. This information should be taken into account when deciding on the treatment strategy and counseling women with persistent CIN 1.
