[Bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of sulbactam/ampicillin in the pediatric field]
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Sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) demonstrated high clinical efficacy in treating pediatric infections, with excellent or good outcomes in all evaluated patients. Bacteriological eradication rates were also high, indicating effectiveness against various bacterial strains.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Pharmacology
- Antimicrobial Therapy
Context:
- Pediatric infections pose a significant health challenge, necessitating effective and safe treatment options.
- The combination of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) is a potential therapeutic agent for bacterial infections in children.
- Evaluating the clinical and bacteriological utility of SBT/ABPC in a pediatric population is crucial for guiding treatment decisions.
Purpose:
- To assess the clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) in treating various pediatric infections.
- To determine the bacteriological eradication rates of SBT/ABPC against common pediatric pathogens.
- To evaluate the safety profile and pharmacokinetic properties of SBT/ABPC in pediatric patients.
Summary:
- SBT/ABPC was administered intravenously to 20 pediatric patients with infections, including pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and others.
- Clinical success was observed in all 18 evaluated patients, with 13 showing excellent and 5 showing good responses.
- Bacteriological eradication was achieved in 81.3% of strains, including those with high beta-lactamase productivity. Side effects were minor, and pharmacokinetic data supported the dosing regimen.
Impact:
- The study supports the use of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) as an effective treatment for a range of pediatric infections.
- High clinical and bacteriological success rates, coupled with a favorable safety profile, position SBT/ABPC as a valuable therapeutic option.
- Pharmacokinetic data provides a basis for optimizing SBT/ABPC dosing in pediatric populations, contributing to improved treatment outcomes.
Abstract:
The usefulness of sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/ABPC) in the treatment of pediatric infections was evaluated. 1. Twenty pediatric patients with infection were treated with SBT/ABPC and an intravenous dosage of 27.8-47.4 mg/kg, 3 to 4 times a day. Clinical efficacies in 18 patients excluding 2 patients of Mycoplasma pneumonia (9 cases of pneumonia, 6 urinary tract infection, 1 tonsillitis, 1 maxillary sinusitis and 1 osteomyelitis) were judged to be excellent in 13 patients and good in 5. There was no case of failure. 2. Bacteriological efficacies against 16 strains (1 Staphylococcus aureus, 3 Enterococcus faecalis, 4 Haemophilus influenzae, 2 Haemophilus parainfluenzae, 5 Escherichia coli and 1 Serratia sp.) isolated from 13 of the 18 patients were rated as "eradicated" for 13 strains, "decreased" for 1 and "unchanged" for 2 with an eradication rate of 81.3%. Of 13 strains eradicated, 3 were those with high beta-lactamase productivity. 3. Rash as a side effect developed in 1 patient and eosinophilia and elevated GOT and GPT were observed in 7 patients but none of them were serious. 4. Blood levels of the drug following an intravenous dose of 30 mg/kg were determined in 2 pediatric patients. Blood levels of SBT and ABPC at 30 minutes after intravenous administration were 19.0 and 29.2 micrograms/ml in one patient and 21.0 and 31.6 micrograms/ml in another, respectively, and those at 4 hours were 0.48 and 0.62 microgram/ml in one patient and 0.59 and 0.89 microgram/ml in another, respectively. The half-lives of SBT were 0.67 and 0.70 hour and those of ABPC were 0.64 and 0.69 hour in the 2 patients, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)