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Pain coping strategies: Neonatal intensive care unit survivors in adolescence

Christ-Jan van Ganzewinkel1, Jasper V Been2, Jeanne P Dieleman3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, division of Neonatology, Máxima Medical Center, De Run 4600, 5504, MB, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.

Early Human Development
|July 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Long-term pain coping in adolescents born preterm is minimally affected by early-life factors. Higher IQ is linked to adaptive pain coping strategies, while maladaptive strategies are less common.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pain Management

Background:

  • Limited data exists on long-term pain coping in individuals born preterm.
  • Understanding these consequences is crucial for improving long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of gestational age, birth weight, and neonatal disease severity on pain coping styles in adolescents born preterm or with low birth weight.
  • To identify predictors of pain coping strategies in this population.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, longitudinal study (Project On Preterm and SGA-infants, POPS-19) followed 537 adolescents born before 32 weeks gestation or weighing less than 1500g.
  • Pain coping strategies, effectiveness, controllability, emotional reactions, and IQ were assessed at age 19 using questionnaires and cognitive tests.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal factors like length of stay, sepsis, and necrotizing enterocolitis showed no significant correlation with pain coping styles.
  • Higher IQ was associated with adaptive pain coping (approach) and negatively correlated with emotion-focused avoidance.
  • Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was positively correlated with emotion-focused avoidance, while respiratory support was negatively correlated.

Conclusions:

  • Early neonatal characteristics and disease severity have a limited influence on adolescent pain coping.
  • Intellectual quotient (IQ) is a significant factor, with higher IQ associated with more adaptive pain coping strategies.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdolescentsLong-term follow-upNewbornPOPS-19Pain coping

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