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Related Concept Videos

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport01:16

Lymphatic Vessels and Lymph Transport

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Lymphatic vessels, known as lymphatics, are crucial in transporting lymph from peripheral tissues to our venous system. This process begins with lymph entering through tiny capillaries that branch through tissues. These capillaries have unique features such as larger diameters, thinner walls, and a distinctive one-way valve system formed by overlapping endothelial cells.
This one-way system allows fluids, solutes, and even pathogens to enter but prevents their return to the intercellular...
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Secondary Lymphoid Organs01:15

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Secondary organs, including lymph nodes, the spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), work harmoniously to protect us from disease and infection.
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Primary Lymphoid Organs

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Primary lymphoid organs are pivotal in the formation, development, and maturation of lymphocytes, the white blood cells that serve as the backbone of our immune system. This crucial function underscores their fundamental role in maintaining our overall health and immunity. The two primary lymphoid organs of prime importance are the red bone marrow and the thymus.
The red bone marrow is a soft, spongy tissue nestled in the interior of long bones such as the humerus and femur. It is the site...
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Lymphoid Cells and Tissues01:18

Lymphoid Cells and Tissues

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Lymphoid cells and tissues are integral to the immune system, which is crucial in maintaining our body's defense against harmful pathogens. They form the building blocks of lymphoid organs, which include the spleen, thymus, and lymph nodes.
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Overview of the Vascular System01:20

Overview of the Vascular System

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The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Three-Dimensional Imaging of the Vertebral Lymphatic Vasculature and Drainage using iDISCO+ and Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy
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Three-Dimensional Imaging of the Vertebral Lymphatic Vasculature and Drainage using iDISCO+ and Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy

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Intravascular lymphoma mimicking vasculitis.

Richard A Prayson1

  • 1Cleveland Clinic, Department of Anatomic Pathology, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|July 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Intravascular lymphoma, a rare cancer of B cells within blood vessels, was diagnosed in a 60-year-old man via brain biopsy. This case highlights its varied neurological symptoms and poor prognosis.

Keywords:
BrainInfarctIntravascular lymphomaNeoplasmTumor mimicking vasculitis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Neurology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Intravascular lymphoma (IVL) is a rare B-cell malignancy characterized by proliferation within vascular lumina.
  • Diagnosis requires tissue biopsy, and the condition often presents disseminated with a poor prognosis, even with aggressive treatment.
  • Neurologic manifestations of IVL can be diverse and challenging to diagnose.

Observation:

  • A 60-year-old male presented with chest pain and hypotension, followed by stroke-like symptoms including gait disturbance, sensory loss, and cognitive decline.
  • Brain MRI revealed multiple infarcts, and an invasive angiogram suggested vasculitis.
  • Despite initial treatment for presumed central nervous system vasculitis, progressive neurologic deficits prompted a brain biopsy.

Findings:

  • The brain biopsy revealed atypical B cells with CD20 positive staining, confined to vascular spaces.
  • These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of intravascular lymphoma.
  • The case underscores the importance of considering IVL in patients with unexplained neurologic events and multifocal infarcts.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of intravascular lymphoma, particularly its varied neurologic presentations.
  • Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, though challenging, are crucial for improving outcomes in IVL.
  • Further research into the pathogenesis and optimal therapeutic strategies for IVL is warranted.