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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies
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A Syngeneic Mouse Model of Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma for Quantitative and Longitudinal Assessment of Preclinical Therapies

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Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: update on epidemiology, genetics, and therapeutic modalities

Angela Graves1, Hannah Hessamodini1, Germaine Wong2

  • 1Department of Renal Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.

Immunotargets and Therapy
|July 30, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Treating advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is challenging. Targeted therapies show promise for metastatic RCC, but further research is needed to improve patient survival and treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nephrology
  • Immunobiology

Background:

  • Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents significant clinical challenges.
  • Current treatments offer limited survival benefits for metastatic RCC patients.
  • Advances in understanding RCC immunobiology and targeted agents exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in risk factors and treatment outcomes for metastatic RCC.
  • To focus on targeted therapies inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways.
  • To highlight the need for further research in metastatic RCC treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
  • Analysis of targeted therapeutic agents, including VEGF and mTOR inhibitors.
  • Evaluation of current treatment options and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Despite novel targeted agents, survival improvements for metastatic RCC are minimal.
  • Targeted therapies inhibiting VEGF and mTOR pathways are key treatment strategies.
  • Sequential targeted therapy requires prospective studies for efficacy evaluation.

Conclusions:

  • Effective treatment strategies for advanced renal cell carcinoma are still evolving.
  • Further research is essential to develop novel agents with improved efficacy and tolerability.
  • Prospective studies are needed to confirm the benefits of sequential targeted therapy in RCC.
Keywords:
cytokinesimmunotherapymetastatic renal cell carcinomatargeted treatment

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