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Mechanical and neuromuscular changes with lateral trunk lean gait modifications.

Shawn M Robbins1, Anthony Teoli2, Richard A Preuss1

  • 1Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation, Constance Lethbridge Rehabilitation Centre and the School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, McGill University, 3654 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y5, Canada.

Gait & Posture
|July 30, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Increased lateral trunk lean (LTL) gait reduces knee loading in healthy adults. While trunk muscle activation increased slightly, it is unlikely to cause short-term injury, suggesting potential for knee osteoarthritis management.

Keywords:
ElectromyographyGaitKnee adduction momentLateral trunk leanMotion capture

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Kinesiology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Lateral trunk lean (LTL) is a proposed intervention for knee osteoarthritis.
  • The impact of increased muscular demands during LTL gait has not been fully evaluated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare lower extremity and trunk muscle activation during normal versus increased LTL gait in healthy adults.
  • To assess the effects of increased LTL gait on joint mechanics, specifically knee adduction moment (KAM).

Main Methods:

  • Twenty healthy adults participated, performing normal and increased LTL gait conditions.
  • Motion capture and force plates were used to measure LTL angle, KAM, and gait speed.
  • Surface electromyography recorded activation of six trunk and hip muscles.

Main Results:

  • Increased LTL gait significantly increased peak LTL angle and decreased gait speed.
  • A significant decrease in the first peak KAM was observed during LTL gait.
  • Activation of external oblique and iliocostalis muscles increased significantly, while other measured muscles showed no change.

Conclusions:

  • Increased LTL gait effectively reduces medial knee compartment loading by decreasing early/mid-stance KAM.
  • Observed increases in trunk muscle activation were small to moderate and unlikely to cause short-term injury.
  • Further longitudinal studies are recommended to assess LTL's long-term effectiveness and safety for knee osteoarthritis.