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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Nasolacrimal Lavage as a Treatment for Ocular Surface Toxic Soup Syndrome
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Chronic tarsal conjunctivitis.

Nicholas Cook1, Fizza Mushtaq2, Christina Leitner3

  • 1Primary Care Ophthalmology Service, Central Surgery Eye Clinic, Rugby, CV21 3SP, UK.

BMC Ophthalmology
|July 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new form of toxic conjunctivitis linked to cosmetic product use was identified in women. Symptoms improved with steroids, but chronic inflammation resolved only after stopping the suspected facial wipes.

Keywords:
AllergenConjunctivitisContact allergyCosmeticEpiphoraSteroid

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Toxicology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • A novel presentation of chronic conjunctivitis unresponsive to standard treatments emerged between 2010 and 2013.
  • This condition, characterized by unusual clinical features, was observed in a Primary Care Ophthalmology Service.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate a new form of toxic conjunctivitis with distinct clinical and histopathological features.
  • To identify potential causes and effective management strategies for this resistant conjunctivitis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 55 adult female patients' case records.
  • Histopathological analysis of conjunctival biopsies from 15 patients.

Main Results:

  • Patients presented with bilateral epiphora and stickiness, and tarsal conjunctival papillary reaction, with symptom duration averaging 9 months.
  • Histology revealed a superficial stromal lymphocytic infiltrate, predominantly CD3 positive T-lymphocytes, with no follicle formation.
  • Prolonged use of eye makeup and facial cosmetic products was a common history; symptoms improved with topical steroids, but signs persisted until allergen withdrawal.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest a contact allergen-driven chronic conjunctivitis, likely induced by cosmetic products.
  • While topical steroids offered symptomatic relief, complete resolution required allergen avoidance, highlighting management challenges.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific allergens and understand mucous membrane contact allergies.