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Sample Preparation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Extracts for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomic Studies
Published on: September 3, 2012
Preparation, standardization and in vitro safety testing of Mycobacterium nosodes (Emtact- polyvalent nosode)
Suvarna Joshi1, Sandeepan Mukerjee1, Shashikant Vaidya1
1Haffkine Institute for Training, Research and Testing, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India.
Background:
Most of the nosodes in the homeopathic pharmacopeia have been sourced from obscure pathological material over a century ago; of which no scientific documentation is available.
Method:
A method for preparation and standardization of univalent and polyvalent Mycobacterium nosodes (labeled as Emtact), using different strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was developed. The committee comprising microbiologists, scientist, pharmacist, homeopaths and clinicians had reviewed and approved the method of preparation of nosode. Preparation of the nosode was based on the reference in the Homeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India (HPI), group N-IV. Strains of M. tuberculosis viz. Standard strain H37Rv, multi-drug resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis (BCG vaccine) and Mycobacterium avium were identified, procured and documented. Twenty billion viable cells for each strain were taken for Original Stock Nosode (OSN). The original stock was prepared by suspending the microbial cells into water for injection (WFI) (1 ml). As per the Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) monograph, sterility testing was done for different potencies. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for 30c potency for detection of any DNA material of the source organisms.
Result:
A polyvalent (multi-strain) and univalent M. tuberculosis nosodes were prepared for research and clinical use. No growth of Mycobacterium was observed in any of the samples above 5c potency. The in-vitro testing for nosode (30c) was found to be free from any organism and DNA material.
Conclusion:
Mycobacterium nosodes sourced from individual strain and polyvalent Emtact nosode in vitro testing results found to be satisfactory for its handling and utilization. The nosode seems to be safe and may be tested further in vivo to explore its therapeutic application.
Insights
New Mycobacterium nosodes, including a polyvalent Emtact preparation, were successfully developed and standardized. In-vitro testing confirmed these homeopathic nosodes are free from viable organisms and DNA, indicating safety for further research.
Area of Science:
- Homeopathy
- Microbiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Traditional homeopathic nosodes lack scientific documentation and originate from outdated sources.
- This study addresses the need for scientifically prepared and standardized nosodes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and standardize univalent and polyvalent Mycobacterium nosodes for research and clinical use.
- To ensure the safety and quality of novel Mycobacterium nosodes.
Main Methods:
- A novel method for preparing Mycobacterium nosodes (Emtact) was developed, referencing the Homeopathy Pharmacopoeia of India.
- Multiple strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including MDR strains and related species, were used.
- Sterility testing and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) were employed for quality control and safety assessment.
Main Results:
- Both univalent and polyvalent Mycobacterium nosodes were successfully prepared.
- No Mycobacterium growth was detected in samples above 5c potency.
- In-vitro testing of the 30c potency nosode confirmed the absence of organisms and DNA material.
Conclusions:
- The developed Mycobacterium nosodes, including the polyvalent Emtact, demonstrated satisfactory in-vitro results.
- The nosodes appear safe for handling and utilization.
- Further in-vivo studies are warranted to explore the therapeutic potential of these nosodes.
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