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Related Concept Videos

Synaptic Signaling01:09

Synaptic Signaling

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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
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Synaptic Signaling01:12

Synaptic Signaling

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Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
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The Synapse02:47

The Synapse

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Neurons communicate with one another by passing on their electrical signals to other neurons. A synapse is the location where two neurons meet to exchange signals. At the synapse, the neuron that sends the signal is called the presynaptic cell, while the neuron that receives the message is called the postsynaptic cell. Note that most neurons can be both presynaptic and postsynaptic, as they both transmit and receive information.
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Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

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Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
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Chemical Synapses01:26

Chemical Synapses

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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
Because chemical synapses depend on the release of neurotransmitter molecules from synaptic vesicles to pass on their signal, there is an approximately one millisecond delay between when the axon potential reaches the presynaptic terminal and when the neurotransmitter leads to opening of postsynaptic ion channels. Additionally, this signaling is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins
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Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins

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Activity-dependent synapse to nucleus signaling.

Agnes Fang Yi Lim1, Wei Lee Lim2, Toh Hean Ch'ng3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
|July 31, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neurons transmit signals from synapses to the nucleus, influencing gene expression for neuronal plasticity. This review details activity-dependent protein transport and importin roles in synapse-to-nucleus communication.

Keywords:
ImportinLong-term plasticityNuclear importNucleusRetrograde transportSynapse-to-nucleusTranscription-dependent plasticity

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Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents
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Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and &ldquo;Neuron Ball&rdquo; Culture
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Isolation of CA1 Nuclear Enriched Fractions from Hippocampal Slices to Study Activity-dependent Nuclear Import of Synapto-nuclear Messenger Proteins
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Investigation of Synaptic Tagging/Capture and Cross-capture using Acute Hippocampal Slices from Rodents
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Presynapse Formation Assay Using Presynapse Organizer Beads and &ldquo;Neuron Ball&rdquo; Culture
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Neurons possess unique polarity, necessitating signal transmission from synapses to the nucleus.
  • This long-distance signaling is vital for neuronal circuit function, survival, and plasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in activity-dependent postsynaptic protein movement and nuclear import.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms of active transport and the role of importins in this process.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on synapse-to-nucleus signaling.
  • Focus on molecular mechanisms of protein transport and nuclear import.

Main Results:

  • Postsynaptic proteins move to the nucleus in an activity-dependent manner.
  • Importins play a key role in mediating the nuclear import of these proteins.

Conclusions:

  • Synapse-to-nucleus signaling is critical for transcription-dependent neuronal plasticity.
  • Future research should address remaining challenges in understanding this signaling pathway.