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Related Concept Videos

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

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Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
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Components of Language01:24

Components of Language

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Language, whether spoken, signed, or written, consists of specific components: lexicon and grammar. The lexicon is the vocabulary of a language, comprising its words. Grammar is the set of rules used to convey meaning through the lexicon. For example, English grammar adds “-ed” to most verbs to indicate past tense. Words are formed by combining phonemes, which are the basic sound units of a language. Different languages have different sets of phonemes (e.g., “ah” vs.
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Language01:16

Language

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Language is a unique communication system that uses words and systematic rules to organize and transmit information. Unlike other forms of communication, which may involve postures, movements, odors, or vocalizations, language relies on symbols and grammar. This makes human communication distinct from that of other species, who also communicate but do not use language in the same way humans do.
Corballis and Suddendorf (2007) and Tomasello and Rakoczy (2003) highlight the role of language in...
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
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Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect01:26

Causes of Similarity-Dissimilarity Effect

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The similarity-dissimilarity effect, a fundamental concept in social psychology, explains how interpersonal similarities and differences influence attraction and social interactions. This effect is supported by three key psychological perspectives: balance theory, social comparison theory, and consensual validation.Balance Theory and Cognitive ConsistencyBalance theory, developed by Fritz Heider, posits that individuals seek cognitive consistency in their relationships. When two people share...
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Impression Management Techniques IV: Altercasting01:14

Impression Management Techniques IV: Altercasting

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Altercasting is a strategic communication technique in which an individual imposes a specific identity or social role onto another person to influence their behavior and shape the interaction. By presuming a role—such as “responsible leader” or “patient person”—altercasting encourages the target to conform to that identity, often aligning their behavior with the expectations associated with the role. The power of this tactic lies in its subtlety; once a role...
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Reintroducing differences linguistically!

Abha Khetarpal1, Satendra Singh2

  • 1President and Non-institutional expert, Enabling Unit, Cross the Hurdles, 12/51, Ground Floor, Subhash Nagar, New Delhi-27; University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Delhi 110 095, India,. abha.khetarpal@gmail.com.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New terms for disability, like "divyang," can negatively impact self-concept and identity. Creating inclusive environments and equal opportunities is crucial for persons with disabilities, not just rebranding.

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Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Disability Studies
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Terminology used to describe disability has evolved, influencing societal perceptions and individual self-concept.
  • Metaphors and clichés, such as 'divyang' (supercrip theory), can create stereotypes and distort identity formation for persons with disabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the impact of evolving terminology on the identity and self-concept of persons with disabilities.
  • To critique the use of euphemistic terms that may obscure societal responsibilities.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of disability models and terminology.
  • Examination of the psychological effects of language and stereotypes on individuals with disabilities.

Main Results:

  • Euphemistic terms can negatively affect self-concept and identity formation.
  • Societal and state responsibilities are potentially obscured by the adoption of such terms.

Conclusions:

  • Focusing on creating non-disabling environments and ensuring equal opportunities is more beneficial than coining new terms.
  • Rethinking disability language is essential to foster genuine inclusion and support for persons with disabilities.