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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

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Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment01:17

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Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
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Consequences of CKD on Functioning.

Piyawan Kittiskulnam1, Anoop Sheshadri2, Kirsten L Johansen2

  • 1Division of Nephrology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, California; Department of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) impacts millions globally, particularly older adults. This review highlights CKD

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Geriatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 13% of adults worldwide.
  • CKD is highly prevalent in older populations, with nearly half of patients aged 70+ having stages 3-5 CKD.
  • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) cases are increasing in individuals over 65 in the US.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on the non-cardiovascular consequences of CKD.
  • To focus on physical functioning, frailty, cognitive function, emotional health, and quality of life in CKD patients, especially older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of available literature.
  • Focus on studies examining CKD's impact on physical, cognitive, and emotional well-being.
  • Analysis of health-related quality of life in CKD populations.

Main Results:

  • Growing evidence links CKD to significant impairments in physical function and increased frailty.
  • CKD is associated with declines in cognitive function.
  • Emotional health, including depression and anxiety, is negatively impacted by CKD, affecting quality of life.

Conclusions:

  • CKD has profound effects beyond cardiovascular complications, impacting multiple facets of patient well-being.
  • Older adults with CKD face particular challenges regarding physical, cognitive, and emotional health.
  • Further research and clinical attention are needed to address these comprehensive impacts of CKD.