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Outcome Predictors in Patients Presenting With Acute Aortic Dissection

Chen Lingzhi1, Zhou Hao2, Huang Weijian2

  • 1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;

Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|August 1, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Low triiodothyronine (T3) levels are associated with increased in-hospital mortality and acute renal failure in patients with acute aortic dissection. This finding highlights T3 as a potential risk factor and therapeutic target in this critical condition.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality.
  • Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in cardiovascular function.
  • The specific role of thyroid hormones in AAD outcomes remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between thyroid hormone levels, particularly triiodothyronine (T3), and in-hospital adverse events in patients with acute aortic dissection.
  • To identify independent predictors of in-hospital mortality and acute renal failure in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 151 patients diagnosed with aortic dissection between January 2011 and May 2015 at a university-affiliated cardiac center.
  • Evaluation of in-hospital mortality, acute renal failure, and other adverse events.
  • Statistical analysis to determine independent predictors, including T3 levels, pericardial effusion, and dissection type.

Main Results:

  • The in-hospital mortality rate was 12.6%.
  • Lower T3 levels were observed in non-surviving patients compared to survivors (0.8±0.3 vs. 1.0±0.4 nmol/L, p<0.05).
  • T3 independently predicted in-hospital mortality (HR 0.07) and acute renal failure (HR 0.22). Other predictors included pericardial effusion, conservative treatment, and Stanford type-A dissection.

Conclusions:

  • Triiodothyronine (T3) is downregulated in patients with acute aortic dissection.
  • Low T3 levels represent a significant risk factor for in-hospital death and acute renal failure in AAD patients.
  • These findings suggest T3 may serve as a prognostic biomarker in acute aortic dissection.
Abstract

Keywords:
acute aortic dissectionacute renal failuretriiodothyronine

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