Multi-layer ventilation inhomogeneity in cystic fibrosis
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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Standardization and Best Practices for Advancing Lung Imaging Using 129Xe MRI
Published on: November 21, 2023
Sabine Krueger-Ziolek1, Benjamin Schullcke1, Zhanqi Zhao2
1Institute of Technical Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany; Department of Radiology, LMU University of Munich, Ziemssenstrasse 1, 80336 Munich, Germany(1).
Abstract:
Differences in regional lung function between the 3rd and 5th intercostal space (ICS) were explored in 10 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and compared to 10 lung-healthy controls by electrical impedance tomography (EIT). Regional ratios of impedance changes corresponding to the maximal volume of air exhaled within the first second of a forced expiration (ΔIFEV1) and the forced vital capacity (ΔIFVC) were determined. Regional airway obstruction and ventilation inhomogeneity were assessed by the frequency distribution of these ratios (ΔIFEV1/ΔIFVC) and an inhomogeneity index (GITI). The mean of the frequency distribution of ΔIFEV1/ΔIFVC and the GITI in both thorax planes were significantly different between CF patients and controls (p<0.001). CF patients exhibited a significantly lower mean of ΔIFEV1/ΔIFVC frequency distribution (p<0.05) and a significantly higher degree of ventilation inhomogeneity (p<0.01) in the 3rd ICS compared to the 5th ICS. Results indicated that EIT measurements at more cranial thorax planes may benefit the early diagnosis in CF.
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