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Visually Sexing Loggerhead Shrike Lanius Ludovicianus Using Plumage Coloration and Pattern
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Genetic correlations and sex-specific adaptation in changing environments.

Tim Connallon1, Matthew D Hall2

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia. tim.connallon@monash.edu.

Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
|August 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Environmental changes can reduce sexual antagonism by aligning selection between males and females. However, some environmental shifts may create persistent conflict that is difficult to resolve.

Keywords:
Adaptationfitnessmodels/simulationssexsexual conflicttrade-offs

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Sexual antagonism arises from conflicting evolutionary interests between males and females.
  • Shared genetic basis for traits constrains sex-specific divergence.
  • Existing theory predicts common sexual antagonism in stable environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence and resolution of sexual antagonism under changing environmental conditions.
  • To analyze models of sex-specific evolutionary divergence with environmental change.
  • To assess the impact of genetic correlations on adaptation.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling sex-specific evolutionary divergence.
  • Analysis of directional and cyclic environmental change.
  • Consideration of genetic correlations.

Main Results:

  • Environmental change often aligns directional selection between sexes, even with divergent optima.
  • Some environmental changes lead to persistent, unresolved sexually antagonistic selection.
  • Changing environments generally alleviate signals of sexual antagonism.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental change can reduce conflict between males and females.
  • New predictions are generated for the scope and resolution of sexual antagonism in dynamic environments.