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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Point-Of-Care Ultrasound Screening for Proximal Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis
Published on: February 10, 2023
The Typical Presentation Spectrum of Deep Vein Thrombosis Associated with Inferior Vena Cava Malformations
Agostino Pozzi1, Mustapha A El Lakis2, Jad Chamieh3
1San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Abstract:
Congenital malformations of the inferior vena cava (IVC) are rare and underreported. They can be a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) as a result of inadequate venous drainage of the lower extremities through collateral circulation. The significant number of cases reported in the literature highlights their importance, warranting investigating their existence in younger individuals with idiopathic DVT of the lower extremities and pelvic veins. In this systematic review, we depict the typical presentation of IVC malformations, their management, and the management of their associated DVT.
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