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Etodolac Containing Topical Niosomal Gel: Formulation Development and Evaluation.

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Drug Delivery Systems
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Topical drug delivery faces challenges like poor skin permeation and short drug residence time.
  • Niosomal formulations offer a promising approach to enhance topical drug delivery and therapeutic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize Etodolac (ETD)-loaded topical niosomal gel for improved anti-inflammatory delivery.
  • To evaluate the physicochemical properties, in vitro release, ex vivo skin permeation, and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of the niosomal gel.

Main Methods:

  • Niosomal formulations were prepared using the thin film hydration method with varying ratios of cholesterol and Span 60, including Dicetyl phosphate (DCP).
  • Characterization included particle size analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) for shape, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release studies.
  • Selected niosomal formulations were incorporated into a topical gel and further evaluated for pH, viscosity, spreadability, ex vivo skin permeation, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity.

Main Results:

  • Niosomal formulations exhibited particle sizes between 2-4 μm, with spherical morphology observed via TEM.
  • Niosomal formulation N2 (1:1 cholesterol:surfactant ratio) showed high entrapment efficiency (96.72%) and significant drug release (94.91% in 24h).
  • The topical niosomal gel demonstrated superior ex vivo skin permeation and greater in vivo anti-inflammatory activity compared to plain topical gel.

Conclusions:

  • Topical niosomal gel formulations are effective in providing sustained and prolonged delivery of Etodolac.
  • Niosomal technology enhances the therapeutic potential of topical anti-inflammatory agents by improving skin permeation and efficacy.