Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

228.5K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
228.5K
Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

7.2K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
7.2K
Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics01:17

Passive Diffusion: Overview and Kinetics

1.6K
Passive diffusion is a critical process that allows small lipophilic drugs to cross the cell membrane along a concentration gradient. This mechanism's efficiency depends on four primary factors: the membrane's surface area, the drug's lipid-water partition coefficient, the concentration gradient, and the membrane's thickness.
When administered orally, drugs establish a substantial concentration gradient between the gastrointestinal (GI) lumen and the bloodstream, expediting...
1.6K
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

6.1K
Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
6.1K
Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.9K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
31.9K
Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models00:57

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models

426
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
426

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Venopulmonary Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Overview, Applications, and Current Evidence.

Cardiology in review·2026
Same author

Regulatory dynamics of molecular determinants in divergent rice varieties under the influence of nano-structured Zinc: an integrative study of OsbZIP genes and their targeting miRNAs.

BMC plant biology·2026
Same author

Feasibility of the caudal tunneling with lateral colonic attachment preservation procedure in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for ileocecal tuberculosis: a prospective cohort study.

Annals of coloproctology·2026
Same author

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock: evidence, limitations, and patient selection in the contemporary era.

Postgraduate medicine·2026
Same author

Pembrolizumab plus high-dose IL-2 in advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma: six-year survival outcomes and molecular signatures from a phase 2 trial.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

CSF1R-dependent CD169-positive macrophages locally constrain melanoma growth in the skin.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026
Same journal

Predicting Nirmatrelvir Resistance in SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup> Mutants with an Integrated Computational Framework.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

From Cation Solvation to Anion Coordination: Lewis-Acidic Boranes Enable Halide Salt Electrolytes.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

In Vitro-Prepared A30P Alpha-Synuclein Fibrils Adopt the Conserved and Disease-Relevant Greek Key Fold.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Metastructure Analysis of Self-Assembled Nanocubes with Different Equatorial Methyl Groups Based on Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

A Cocoordinated <sup>1</sup>H Internal Reference Quantifies Proton-Exchange Bias in Coordinated-Water Diffusion.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Electrolyte-Dependent Coordination Site Dynamics for Redox Mediator Design in Lithium-O<sub>2</sub> Batteries: Exchange vs Rearrangement.

The journal of physical chemistry. B·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

9.1K

Diffusing Diffusivity: Survival in a Crowded Rearranging and Bounded Domain.

Rohit Jain1, Kizhakeyil L Sebastian1

  • 1Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. B
|August 2, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study investigates particle survival in a dynamic medium where diffusion changes randomly over time. Analytical solutions reveal that for large spaces, average diffusion matters most, but smaller spaces show effects of random diffusion changes.

More Related Videos

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

3.3K
Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
10:07

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow
08:01

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

9.1K
Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells
05:56

Spot Variation Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy for Analysis of Molecular Diffusion at the Plasma Membrane of Living Cells

Published on: November 12, 2020

3.3K
Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior
10:07

Generating Controlled, Dynamic Chemical Landscapes to Study Microbial Behavior

Published on: January 31, 2020

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical Physics
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Particles diffuse in complex environments, with diffusion rates often varying.
  • Understanding particle survival in bounded regions is crucial for chemical and biological processes.
  • Existing models typically assume constant diffusion coefficients, limiting applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine particle survival probability in a bounded medium with a time-varying diffusion coefficient.
  • To develop analytical solutions for diffusion in a stochastic, rearranging environment.
  • To explore the impact of dimensionality and diffusion randomness on survival.

Main Methods:

  • Modeling particle diffusion in a bounded region with a stochastic diffusion coefficient.
  • Deriving analytical solutions for the survival probability.
  • Extending the analysis to N-dimensional spaces and various geometries.

Main Results:

  • Developed analytical solutions for particle survival probability with a stochastic diffusion coefficient.
  • Showed that in high dimensions, only the average diffusion coefficient affects survival.
  • Demonstrated that in low dimensions, the stochastic nature of diffusion significantly impacts survival probability.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a framework for analyzing diffusion in dynamic media.
  • Survival probability is sensitive to diffusion stochasticity, especially in confined or low-dimensional systems.
  • The findings have implications for understanding transport phenomena in crowded biological and chemical systems.