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Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Photochemical Oxidative Growth of Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CdSe@CdS Nanorods

Published on: February 11, 2016

Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation by CdSe/CdS Nanoparticles.

Fen Qiu¹, Zhiji Han¹, Jeffrey J Peterson¹

¹Departments of Chemistry and ‡The Institute of Optics, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States.

|August 2, 2016

Summary

This study compared various cadmium selenide (CdSe) nanoparticles for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Nanoparticle size, not electron-hole separation, was found to be critical for efficient hydrogen generation.

Keywords:

Nanoparticles hydrogen generation photocatalysis water splitting

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Last Updated: Mar 17, 2026

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Published on: October 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Photocatalysis

Background:

Semiconductor nanoparticles are crucial for photocatalytic hydrogen production.
Cadmium selenide (CdSe) based nanomaterials offer tunable properties for solar energy applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of different CdSe nanostructures.
To correlate hydrogen generation efficiency with nanoparticle morphology and electronic properties.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of CdSe quantum dots (QDs), CdSe quantum rods (QRs), and CdSe/CdS dot-in-rods (DIRs).
Measurement of hydrogen production rates under equivalent absorbed photon flux.
Calculation of photoexcited surface charge densities.

Main Results:

Hydrogen generation activity followed the order: CdSe QDs ≫ CdSe QRs > CdSe/CdS QDs > CdSe/CdS DIRs.
This activity trend was opposite to the observed electron-hole separation efficiency.
Photoexcited surface charge density positively correlated with hydrogen production rate.

Conclusions:

Nanoparticle size is a critical factor influencing photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency in CdSe-based systems.
Surface charge density, rather than electron-hole separation, appears to be the dominant factor for H2 generation.
CdSe quantum dots exhibit superior performance for photocatalytic hydrogen production among the studied nanostructures.