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Executive Function in Pediatric Sleep-Disordered Breathing: A Meta-analysis.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) show poorer executive functioning, particularly in generativity on objective tests. Subjective reports indicate broader executive dysfunction in SDB patients.

Keywords:
AdolescentChildCognitionNeurobehavioralSleep apneaSnoring

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is a prevalent condition affecting children's health.
  • Executive functioning is crucial for cognitive and behavioral regulation in children.
  • The relationship between SDB and executive function deficits requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between pediatric sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and executive functioning.
  • To analyze executive function across five domains: vigilance, inhibition, working memory, shifting, and generativity.
  • To examine the impact of SDB severity on executive function performance.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of electronic databases for peer-reviewed articles on pediatric SDB and executive functioning.
  • Inclusion of studies with polysomnography for SDB assessment and objective or questionnaire measures of executive function.
  • Meta-analysis of 14 articles with 1697 children (ages 5-17) to calculate effect sizes for executive domains and SDB severity.

Main Results:

  • A medium effect size was found for generativity on objective neuropsychological measures in children with SDB.
  • Significant medium to large effect sizes were observed for inhibition, working memory, and shifting based on questionnaire data.
  • No significant differences in executive function deficits were found based on SDB severity.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric SDB is associated with lower generativity performance on objective cognitive tests.
  • Subjective reports indicate broader executive dysfunction in children with SDB, affecting inhibition, working memory, and shifting.
  • While objective measures show limited deficits, subjective assessments highlight significant executive function impairments in pediatric SDB, irrespective of severity.