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Related Concept Videos

Plant Cell Wall02:43

Plant Cell Wall

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The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
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Plant Cell Wall01:07

Plant Cell Wall

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Plant cells have a cell wall, a rigid outer covering that protects the cell and provides shape and support. During cell division, a mixture of enzymes, proteins, and glucose molecules is transported via vesicles to the center of the cell. These vesicles continuously fuse and build a cell plate between the dividing cells. As the cell plate matures, new polysaccharides are added to it to form the cell walls of the daughter cells. The predominant polysaccharide in the cell wall is cellulose, made...
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Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition01:02

Role of Microtubules in Cell Wall Deposition

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Microtubules are small hollow tubes in eukaryotic cells. The cell wall microtubules are polymerized dimers of two globular proteins, α-tubulin and β-tubulin, two globular proteins. With a diameter of about 25 nm, microtubules are the widest components of the cytoskeleton. They help the cell resist compression and provide a track along which vesicles move through the cell or pull replicated chromosomes to opposite ends of a dividing cell. Microtubules go through quick cycles of...
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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

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Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose,...
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Archaeal Cell Wall01:29

Archaeal Cell Wall

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Archaeal cell walls are structurally and compositionally distinct from their bacterial counterparts, lacking the characteristic peptidoglycan layer found in most bacteria. Instead, archaeal cell walls exhibit remarkable diversity, utilizing materials such as pseudomurein, polysaccharides, and proteins to construct their protective outer layers. This structural flexibility is closely tied to archaea's ecological adaptability.S-Layers: The Common Archaeal Cell WallThe S-layer is the most...
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Updated: Mar 17, 2026

Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays
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Glycan Profiling of Plant Cell Wall Polymers using Microarrays

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Cell Wall Composition and Candidate Biosynthesis Gene Expression During Rice Development.

Fan Lin1, Chithra Manisseri2,3, Alexandra Fagerström4

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA.

Plant & Cell Physiology
|August 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers analyzed rice cell walls to understand grass biomass. They identified key genes involved in synthesizing cell wall components, crucial for improving biofuel grasses and agriculture.

Keywords:
Oryza sativaAcyltransferaseCell wallGlycosyltransferaseGrassMixed linkage glucanXylan

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Histochemical Staining of Arabidopsis thaliana Secondary Cell Wall Elements
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High Resolution Quantification of Crystalline Cellulose Accumulation in Arabidopsis Roots to Monitor Tissue-specific Cell Wall Modifications
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Histochemical Staining of Arabidopsis thaliana Secondary Cell Wall Elements
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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Grass cell walls are vital plant biomass, influencing growth and physiology.
  • Understanding cell wall synthesis genes and component functions is crucial but remains limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cell wall composition changes during rice development.
  • To identify genes involved in grass cell wall biosynthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Characterized 30 rice aerial organ samples across 10 developmental time points.
  • Measured 15 cell wall chemical components, enzymatic digestibility, and 18 polysaccharide epitopes.
  • Quantified expression of 50 glycosyltransferases, 15 acyltransferases, and 8 phenylpropanoid genes.

Main Results:

  • Identified significant variations in cell wall components throughout rice development.
  • Found 92 significant correlations between cell wall components and gene expression.
  • Generated nine hypotheses for genes synthesizing xylan, mixed linkage glucan, and pectin.

Conclusions:

  • Provided an extensive analysis of rice cell wall composition during development.
  • Identified candidate genes crucial for grass cell wall biosynthesis.
  • Established a framework for developing improved grasses for biofuel and agriculture.