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Transgender populations and HIV: unique risks, challenges and opportunities
Tanyaporn Wansom1, Thomas E Guadamuz2, Sandhya Vasan1
1Department of Retrovirology, US Army Medical Directorate-Armed Forces Research Institute of the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Journal of Virus Eradication
|August 3, 2016
Summary
Transgender (TG) women face elevated HIV acquisition risks due to social, behavioral, and biological factors. Understanding these complex risks is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies for TG populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Social Sciences
Background:
- Transgender (TG) individuals, particularly TG women, exhibit a disproportionately high risk for HIV acquisition.
- This heightened vulnerability stems from a confluence of unique social, behavioral, structural, and biological factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and elucidate the multifactorial mechanisms contributing to increased HIV acquisition risk in transgender populations.
- To highlight the need for targeted research and interventions to mitigate HIV risk within this demographic.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research on HIV risk factors in transgender populations.
- Analysis of social, behavioral, biological, and healthcare access determinants of HIV risk.
Main Results:
- Increased HIV risk is associated with psychosocial factors, limited access to TG-specific healthcare, and unsupervised use of hormones or fillers.
- Hormonal therapies may directly impact HIV acquisition and immune control, and interact with antiretroviral therapy.
Conclusions:
- The multifactorial nature of HIV risk in transgender populations necessitates comprehensive understanding.
- Further research is essential to develop and implement effective, tailored interventions for HIV prevention among transgender individuals.
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