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Evaporation of Particle-Stabilized Emulsion Sunscreen Films.

Bernard P Binks1, Paul D I Fletcher1, Andrew J Johnson1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Hull , Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 3, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Evaporation of volatile components from sunscreen emulsions can decrease UV protection. Sunscreens with highly volatile oils show reduced UV absorption and sun protection factor (SPF) due to filter precipitation and film shrinkage.

Keywords:
SPFemulsionevaporationprecipitationspectrophotometrysunscreen

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Cosmetic Science

Background:

  • Evaporation of sunscreen films can reduce UV absorption and sun protection factor (SPF).
  • Previous work demonstrated UV filter loss in molecular sunscreen solutions upon evaporation.
  • This study investigates evaporation effects in particle-stabilized emulsions containing dissolved UV filters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate evaporation-induced effects on sunscreen films made from particle-stabilized emulsions.
  • To understand how different volatile components (propylene glycol, squalane, decane) influence film stability and UV protection.
  • To correlate film structural changes with UV absorbance and SPF during evaporation.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of sunscreen emulsions with varying volatile components (propylene glycol, squalane, decane).
  • Monitoring of film mass, area, and UV absorbance spectra during evaporation.
  • Analysis of film structure using optical micrographs.
  • Calculation of UV spectra using theoretical models.

Main Results:

  • Emulsions with involatile squalane showed structural collapse upon propylene glycol evaporation but maintained UV absorbance and SPF.
  • Emulsions with highly volatile decane exhibited rapid evaporation, leading to UV filter precipitation, film shrinkage, and decreased UV absorbance and SPF.
  • Film area shrinkage by dewetting was observed only in emulsions containing highly volatile decane.

Conclusions:

  • The volatility of emulsion components significantly impacts sunscreen film stability and performance.
  • Sunscreens formulated with highly volatile oils are susceptible to reduced UV protection due to filter precipitation and film shrinkage.
  • Understanding these evaporation dynamics is crucial for designing stable and effective sunscreen formulations.