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Mumps antibody in the Thai population 17 years after the universal measles mumps rubella vaccination program
Varisara Ngaovithunvong1, Nasamon Wanlapakorn, Lita Tesapirat
1Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand. varisara.n@gmail.com.
Introduction:
mumps vaccination implementation in the form of MMR - measles, mumps, and rubella) in Thailand for first-grade school students since 1997 and for infants 9-12 months of age since 2010 resulted in a dramatic decline in the incidence of and deaths from mumps. However, there has been a resurgence of mumps outbreaks in Thailand, even in vaccinated populations.
Methodology:
We aimed to determine the current seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to mumps in those 0-60 years of age from four different geographic areas of Thailand, and compare the results with our previous serosurvey in 2004.
Results:
Seropositivity rates in children 0-7 years of age increased significantly from 45.8% in 2004 to 72.3% in 2014 after the launch of the MMR vaccine for infants. In the 8-14-year age group who had received one dose of mumps vaccination, the seropositivity rate was 66.7%. In the 15-19-year age group the seropositivity rate was the lowest, at 52.5%.
Discussion:
Our findings correspond well with the vaccination schedules, as the highest seropositivity rate was found in children between 0 and 7 years of age. For those older than 7, there was a decline in seropositivity rate despite good vaccine coverage and reached its lowest in the 15-19-year age group. This suggested that certain population groups might be incompletely vaccinated, or the humoral immunity provided by vaccination gradually declined over time.
Conclusions:
We recommend a booster dose of MMR vaccine for Thai adolescents in order to prevent future mumps outbreaks.
Insights
Mumps outbreaks are resurging in Thailand despite vaccination. A study found declining antibody levels in adolescents, suggesting a need for booster MMR vaccine doses to prevent future outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- The measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was implemented in Thailand in 1997 for school children and 2010 for infants, significantly reducing mumps incidence.
- Despite high vaccine coverage, Thailand has experienced a resurgence of mumps outbreaks, even among vaccinated individuals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the current seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to mumps in individuals aged 0-60 years across four regions of Thailand.
- To compare current seroprevalence with a 2004 survey to assess changes over time.
Main Methods:
- A serosurvey was conducted to measure IgG antibodies to mumps in a Thai population aged 0-60 years.
- Geographic data from four distinct regions were analyzed.
- Results were compared to a previous serosurvey conducted in 2004.
Main Results:
- Seropositivity in children aged 0-7 years increased from 45.8% in 2004 to 72.3% in 2014, following infant MMR vaccination.
- Seropositivity was 66.7% in the 8-14-year age group (received one mumps vaccine dose).
- The lowest seropositivity rate (52.5%) was observed in the 15-19-year age group.
Conclusions:
- Seropositivity rates align with vaccination schedules, peaking in younger children.
- Declining seropositivity in individuals older than 7 years, particularly adolescents, suggests waning immunity or incomplete vaccination.
- A booster dose of the MMR vaccine is recommended for Thai adolescents to mitigate future mumps outbreaks.
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