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Carbon Nanomaterials Alter Global Gene Expression Profiles.

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    Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) negatively impacted yeast cell growth and gene expression. This suggests CNMs can act as environmental toxic factors for eukaryotic cells, highlighting potential health risks.

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    Area of Science:

    • Nanotechnology
    • Eukaryotic Cell Biology
    • Environmental Toxicology

    Background:

    • Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs), including carbon nanotubes (CNTs), have widespread technological and biomedical uses.
    • The potential toxicity of CNMs to cells and tissues is a growing concern in nanotechnology.
    • Understanding CNM toxicity mechanisms is crucial for safe application and environmental assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the toxicity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and fullerenol C60(OH)24 on eukaryotic cells.
    • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying CNM-induced cellular defects.
    • To evaluate CNMs as potential environmental toxic factors.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast) as a model eukaryotic organism.
    • Assessed the impact of CNMs on yeast growth rates, cell densities, and doubling times.
    • Performed RNA-Seq transcriptional analysis to generate gene expression profiles of treated cells.

    Main Results:

    • CNM treatment, irrespective of shape, significantly impaired yeast growth parameters.
    • RNA-Seq analysis revealed differential gene expression in CNM-exposed cells, particularly in membrane transport and stress response pathways.
    • Gene expression changes differed between CNT- and fullerenol C60(OH)24-treated groups.

    Conclusions:

    • Carbon nanomaterials exhibit toxicity towards eukaryotic cells, affecting fundamental growth processes.
    • CNMs can induce cellular stress and alter membrane transport functions.
    • CNMs pose potential environmental risks to eukaryotic organisms, necessitating further toxicological evaluation.