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Ruling out nosocomial transmission of Cryptosporidium in a renal transplantation unit: case report

J Brunet1,2, J P Lemoine3, B Pesson3

  • 1Laboratoire de Parasitologie et de Mycologie Médicale, Plateau Technique de Microbiologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'Hôpital, BP 426, F-67091, Strasbourg cedex, France. jbrunet@unistra.fr.

BMC Infectious Diseases
|August 4, 2016
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Three renal transplant patients experienced severe diarrhea and acute kidney injury due to Cryptosporidium infection. Prompt diagnosis and nitazoxanide treatment led to recovery, highlighting the need for monitoring at-risk patients.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Cryptosporidium spp. is a widespread parasite causing diarrhea in immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals globally.
  • Transmission occurs via the fecal-oral route, with C. parvum and C. hominis being common human pathogens.
  • Renal transplant recipients are particularly susceptible to severe, life-threatening cryptosporidiosis.

Observation:

  • A series of three concurrent cases of acute symptomatic cryptosporidiosis occurred in renal transplant patients.
  • Patients presented with persistent diarrhea and acute renal failure.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed via modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and molecular species identification.

Findings:

  • All three patients were treated with nitazoxanide.
  • Diarrhea resolved in all patients after 14 days of therapy.
  • Genotypic analysis did not suggest an epidemic source, emphasizing individual patient monitoring.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and treatment of cryptosporidiosis are crucial in renal transplant patients.
  • Molecular genotyping is essential for accurate species identification and epidemiological surveillance.
  • This case series underscores the importance of vigilance for opportunistic infections in immunocompromised populations.
Keywords:
Case reportCryptosporidiumGenotypic species identificationRenal transplantZoonotic species

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