Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Organotypic Retinal Explant Cultures from Macaque Monkey

Organotypic Retinal Explant Cultures from Macaque Monkey

Published on: August 24, 2022

Scotopic vision in the monkey is modulated by the G protein-coupled receptor 55

Joseph Bouskila¹, Vanessa Harrar¹, Pasha Javadi¹

¹School of Optometry,University of Montreal,Montreal,Quebec,Canada.

Visual Neuroscience

|August 4, 2016

Abstract:

The endogenous cannabinoid system plays important roles in the retina of mice and monkeys via their classic CB1 and CB2 receptors. We have previously reported that the G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55), a putative cannabinoid receptor, is exclusively expressed in rod photoreceptors in the monkey retina, suggesting its possible role in scotopic vision. To test this hypothesis, we recorded full-field electroretinograms (ERGs) after the intravitreal injection of the GPR55 agonist lysophosphatidylglucoside (LPG) or the selective GPR55 antagonist CID16020046 (CID), under light- and dark-adapted conditions. Thirteen vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) were used in this study: four controls (injected with the vehicle dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO), four injected with LPG and five with CID. We analyzed amplitudes and latencies of the a-wave (photoreceptor responses) and the b-wave (rod and cone system responses) of the ERG. Our results showed that after injection of LPG, the amplitude of the scotopic b-wave was significantly higher, whereas after the injection of CID, it was significantly decreased, compared to the vehicle (DMSO). On the other hand, the a-wave amplitude, and the a-wave and b-wave latencies, of the scotopic ERG responses were not significantly affected by the injection of either compound. Furthermore, the photopic ERG waveforms were not affected by either drug. These results support the hypothesis that GPR55 plays an instrumental role in mediating scotopic vision.

Keywords:

CID16020046 Electroretinogram G protein-coupled receptor 55 LPG Monkey Retina

More Related Videos

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals

In Vivo Methods to Assess Retinal Ganglion Cell and Optic Nerve Function and Structure in Large Animals

Published on: February 26, 2022

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Author Spotlight: An Accurate and Quantitative Approach to Study Visual Feature Selectivity of the Optokinetic Reflex in Mice

Published on: June 23, 2023

Related Concept Videos

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein Coupled Receptors

G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

G-Protein Gated Ion Channels

GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision. The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light

Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Hippocampal Subfield Volumetry and Navigation in Congenital Blindness.

Hippocampus·2026

Role of β-adrenergic signaling in the development of Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac dysfunction in mice.

Scientific reports·2026

Evolution of the frontal aslant tract and implications for primate vocalization and human speech.

Nature communications·2026

Pulvinar pathways as skip connections in deep neural networks for vision.

Frontiers in neuroimaging·2026

Rapid sequential activation from A1 to V1 in congenitally blind and sighted subjects.

Brain research bulletin·2026

Mixed squaramide thioesters as phosphate group analogues for non-competitive antagonists of the phospholipid-sensing G protein-coupled receptor GPR55.

RSC chemical biology·2026

See all related articles