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Long-term care in Spain: Difficulties in professionalizing services.

Sara Moreno-Colom1, Carolina Recio Càceres1, Teresa Torns Martín1

  • 1a Centre d'Estudis Sociològics sobre la Vida Quotidiana i el Treball (QUIT), Institut d'Estudis del Treball (IET) , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès) , Spain.

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Summary

Sociocultural factors hinder the professionalization of Spain's long-term care system. The cultural ideal of family caregiving, particularly by women, obstructs the adoption of public services and professional carers.

Keywords:
Agingfamilygenderhome careideal careresidential caresocial care

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sociology of Health
  • Public Policy Analysis

Background:

  • Spain's 2006 law recognizes long-term care as a right, aiming for professionalization.
  • Family, especially women, remains the primary informal caregiver for elders.
  • Public long-term care services and professional carers face resistance from families.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze obstacles to professionalizing Spain's long-term care system.
  • To investigate why families resist utilizing public services and professional caregivers.
  • To examine the role of sociocultural factors in long-term care professionalization.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative analysis of caregiver expectations, preferences, and discourses.
  • Conducted 25 interviews with diverse caregiver profiles.
  • Held six focus groups with family caregivers.

Main Results:

  • Sociocultural factors, alongside political and economic issues, impede professionalization.
  • Caregiver interviews reveal specific expectations and preferences influencing service use.
  • The traditional Spanish ideal of family caregiving presents a significant barrier.

Conclusions:

  • The deeply ingrained cultural expectation of family caregiving hinders the professionalization of long-term care services in Spain.
  • Women's role as primary informal caregivers, often without formal skills, perpetuates reliance on family structures.
  • Policy and economic factors alone are insufficient; addressing sociocultural norms is crucial for effective long-term care reform.