Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Viral Recombination

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

Viral Mutations

Viral Mutations

A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Persistence of alveolar fibroblast-derived ADAMTS4+ cells in a preclinical model of delayed pulmonary fibrosis resolution.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Minimally invasive extracorporeal CO<sub>2</sub> removal in hypercapnic respiratory failure: a prospective observational study.

Critical care (London, England)·2026

Same author

Assessment of pulmonary function in a mouse model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia by unrestrained whole body plethysmography and the forced oscillation technique.

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology·2026

Same author

All-cause mortality and risk factors for death in patients with Clostridioides difficile infections: a prospective multi-centre cohort study in six German university hospitals, 2016-2020.

The Journal of hospital infection·2026

Same author

Genetic contribution to severe COVID-19 in adults under 60 years without major comorbidities in the German National Pandemic Cohort Network (NAPKON).

Human genomics·2026

Same author

RAAS antagonists dampen the SARS-CoV-2 infection in ex-vivo cultured human precision-cut lung slices.

Respiratory research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Published on: September 7, 2017

Human Influenza Virus Infections.

Christin Peteranderl¹, Susanne Herold¹, Carole Schmoldt¹

¹Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

|August 4, 2016

Summary

Influenza virus infections, both seasonal and pandemic, cause severe respiratory illness. New therapies are needed to target the host response for better viral clearance and reduced complications like bacterial coinfection.

More Related Videos

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Published on: September 22, 2023

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Published on: January 20, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Influenza A Virus Studies in a Mouse Model of Infection

Published on: September 7, 2017

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions

Published on: September 22, 2023

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Using Zebrafish Models of Human Influenza A Virus Infections to Screen Antiviral Drugs and Characterize Host Immune Cell Responses

Published on: January 20, 2017

Area of Science:

Virology
Immunology
Pathology

Background:

Influenza viruses cause seasonal and pandemic respiratory illnesses.
Seasonal influenza is managed with annual vaccines, but complications like pneumonia and bacterial coinfection occur.
Pandemic influenza arises from novel strains, causing widespread illness and significant impact due to naive populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the molecular basis of influenza virus infection and disease progression.
To identify key host factors in severe influenza pathogenesis and lung failure.
To summarize current and future prevention and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on influenza virus adaptation and host response.
Analysis of molecular mechanisms driving influenza pathogenesis.
Synthesis of information on existing and emerging therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

Influenza virus infection can lead to pneumonia and acute respiratory failure, often with bacterial coinfection.
Novel influenza A virus (IAV) strains can cause rapid, severe pandemics in immunologically naive populations.
Current antivirals are limited to early stages and face viral genomic instability.

Conclusions:

Understanding influenza pathogenesis is crucial for developing effective treatments.
Novel therapies targeting the pulmonary host response are needed to improve viral clearance and prevent severe lung injury and coinfection.
Further research into host-virus interactions will guide the development of advanced prevention and treatment strategies.