Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 16, 2026
Point of Care Transcranial Color-Coded Duplex Ultrasound of the Middle Cerebral Artery
Published on: August 9, 2024
Impact of clinical training on supra-aortic duplex and transcranial doppler examination concordance
Jose A Egido1, Ana M Garcia2, Náyade Del Prado-Gonzalez3
1Stroke Unit and Neurosonology Laboratory, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria del Hospital Clinico San Carlos (IdSSC), Madrid, Spain. jegidoh@yahoo.com.
Abstract:
Sonographic tests are observer-dependent. With 1,527 consecutive patients, 22 trainees were assessed at baseline and after a hands-on 1:1 program, with a pre-examination median of 76 studies/trainee. We evaluated the required number of supervised examinations to reach a 0.80 kappa index (ki). Statistics included linear and exponential generalized estimating equation models. In the exponential model, 76 studies for carotid-duplex and >102 for vertebral-duplex and transcranial Doppler were needed for a 0.80 ki. "Relevant-categories" after-training ki was 0.80 in carotid-duplex and transcranial Doppler but 0.60 in vertebral-duplex. A fixed training does not guarantee a high ki. Measuring the acquired skills of every trainee would improve quality. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 44:571-579, 2016.
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