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Clinical Imaging of Microwave Mammography
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Noninvasive microwave ablation zone radii estimation using x-ray CT image analysis.

Noam Weiss1, S Nahum Goldberg2, Yitzhak Nissenbaum3

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion-IIT, Haifa 32000, Israel.

Medical Physics
|August 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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This study developed a noninvasive method using x-ray CT and image analysis to automatically estimate liver tissue ablation zones during microwave (MW) thermal ablation. The technique accurately determined ablation radii, showing potential for real-time monitoring and improved clinical outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Interventional Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Microwave (MW) thermal ablation is a clinical procedure for treating liver tumors.
  • Accurate assessment of the ablated tissue volume is crucial for treatment efficacy and patient safety.
  • Current methods for monitoring ablation zones can be invasive or lack real-time feedback.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a noninvasive, automated method for estimating the radius of ablated liver tissue.
  • To determine the radius of the treated zone, indicating the boundary of definitely untreated tissue.
  • To enable real-time monitoring during MW thermal ablation procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Ex vivo bovine liver specimens underwent MW ablation using a 14 G antenna at 40 W for varying durations.

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Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

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  • Real-time x-ray CT scanning captured tissue changes every 5 seconds during ablation.
  • Image analysis involved transforming CT data into a polar presentation to estimate ablation and treated zone radii based on Hounsfield units and textural analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Estimated ablation radii strongly correlated with gross pathology measurements (R² ≥ 0.89).
    • Automated estimation of ablation radii showed a low average discrepancy of less than 1 mm (RMSE = 0.65 mm).
    • Treated zone radii estimation demonstrated good correlation (R² ≥ 0.86) with a slight overestimation of approximately 1.5 mm (RMSE = 1.6 mm).

    Conclusions:

    • Noninvasive monitoring of MW ablation using x-ray CT and image analysis is feasible.
    • Automatic estimation of ablation and treated zone radii highly correlates with actual measured values.
    • This technique holds potential for real-time monitoring to improve clinical outcomes in liver ablation procedures.