Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples01:10

X-ray Diffraction of Biological Samples

5.1K
X-ray diffraction or XRD is an analytical tool that utilizes X-rays to study ordered structures such as crystalline organic and inorganic samples, polycrystalline materials, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs.
According to Bragg's law, when X-rays strike the sample positioned on a stage, the rays are  scattered by the electron clouds around the sample atoms. The  X-ray diffraction or scattering is caused by constructive interference of the X-ray waves that reflect off the internal...
5.1K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources01:13

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Radiation and Light Sources

1.5K
Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) relies on the Beer-Lambert law, which requires that the radiation source emits a narrow range of wavelengths to match the absorption characteristics of the analyte atom. The primary criteria for choosing an appropriate radiation source in AAS is to provide a precise and intense emission at specific wavelengths that will allow accurate detection of the analyte.
Two common narrow-range 'line' sources used in AAS are hollow-cathode lamps (HCLs) and...
1.5K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

26.6K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
26.6K
Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

41
In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
41
Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence01:23

Atomic Spectroscopy: Absorption, Emission, and Fluorescence

3.3K
Atomic spectroscopy is a vital tool in elemental analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. It can be broadly divided into optical spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, and X-ray spectroscopy methods. The optical spectroscopic methods are atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), and atomic fluorescence spectroscopy (AFS). The first step in all three methods is atomization, where the solid, liquid, or solution-phase samples are converted into gas-phase atoms and...
3.3K
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview01:20

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Overview

4.1K
Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Deep Learning Super-Resolution from Normal to Ultra-High Resolution CT: Conditional Diffusion Model Development and Performance Evaluation in Trabecular Bone Radiomics.

Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering·2026
Same author

Robot-Assisted Reduction of the Ankle Joint via Multi-Body 3D-2D Image Registration.

IEEE transactions on medical robotics and bionics·2025
Same author

Effects of non-stationary blur on texture biomarkers of bone using Ultra-High Resolution CT.

Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering·2024
Same author

Performance assessment of surgical tracking systems based on statistical process control and longitudinal QA.

Computer assisted surgery (Abingdon, England)·2023
Same author

Multi-Stage Adaptive Spline Autofocus (MASA) with a Learned Metric for Deformable Motion Compensation in Interventional Cone-Beam CT.

Proceedings of SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering·2023
Same author

Surgical navigation for guidewire placement from intraoperative fluoroscopy in orthopaedic surgery.

Physics in medicine and biology·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Quantifying X-Ray Fluorescence Data Using MAPS
14:58

Quantifying X-Ray Fluorescence Data Using MAPS

Published on: February 17, 2018

11.4K

Technical Note: spektr 3.0-A computational tool for x-ray spectrum modeling and analysis.

J Punnoose1, J Xu1, A Sisniega1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

Medical Physics
|August 5, 2016
PubMed
Summary

The updated spektr 3.0 toolkit accurately calculates X-ray spectra using the TASMICS algorithm. An optimization tool improves beam quality matching with measurements, providing validated open-source code.

More Related Videos

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
07:55

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Published on: April 17, 2018

13.5K
Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
06:46

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

Published on: August 25, 2016

11.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Quantifying X-Ray Fluorescence Data Using MAPS
14:58

Quantifying X-Ray Fluorescence Data Using MAPS

Published on: February 17, 2018

11.4K
Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering
07:55

Elemental-sensitive Detection of the Chemistry in Batteries through Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering

Published on: April 17, 2018

13.5K
Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic
06:46

Applying X-ray Imaging Crystal Spectroscopy for Use as a High Temperature Plasma Diagnostic

Published on: August 25, 2016

11.8K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Computational Imaging
  • Radiological Sciences

Background:

  • Accurate X-ray spectral modeling is crucial for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
  • Previous models like TASMIP have limitations in precision and adaptability.
  • Advancements in computational methods enable more refined spectral calculations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce spektr 3.0, a computational toolkit for calculating X-ray spectra.
  • To update spectral modeling using the Tungsten Anode Spectral Model using Interpolating Cubic Splines (TASMICS) algorithm.
  • To develop an optimization tool for matching calculated spectra with experimental measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Spektr 3.0 generates X-ray spectra using TASMICS (default) or TASMIP algorithms in 1 keV bins (20-640 kV).
  • An optimization tool computes optimal added filtration (Al, W) for precise beam quality matching.
  • Calculations account for individual X-ray tube characteristics and anode angles.

Main Results:

  • TASMICS and TASMIP models showed a median photon count difference of 4.15% (30-140 kV).
  • Optimization tool achieved close agreement between measured and calculated spectra (Pearson coefficient = 0.98).
  • Discrepancies were noted at low/high energy bins due to TASMIP model limitations.

Conclusions:

  • Spektr 3.0 offers an updated, validated computational tool for X-ray spectral calculations.
  • The toolkit is available as open-source code with comprehensive video tutorials.
  • Spektr 3.0 enhances accuracy and adaptability in X-ray beam characterization.