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Nutrition and Mesenteric Issues in Pediatric Cardiac Critical Care

Alejandro A Floh1, Julie Slicker, Steven M Schwartz

  • 11Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. 2Quality, Outcomes and Research, Herma Heart Center, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI. 3Department of Pediatrics, Section of Critical Care Medicine and Cardiology, Section of Cardiac Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a Journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies
|August 5, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Optimizing nutrition for children with congenital heart disease is crucial for improving survival and reducing illness. Enhanced perioperative nutritional support and further research into delivery methods can maximize clinical benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Congenital heart disease (CHD) poses significant malnutrition risks in critically ill infants.
  • Adequate nutritional support is vital for improving survival and reducing morbidity in these patients.
  • Current practices require optimization, particularly in the perioperative period.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the challenges in nutritional delivery for pediatric patients with CHD.
  • To examine pre- and postoperative nutritional factors.
  • To evaluate the roles of enteral and parenteral nutrition and supporting evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MEDLINE and PubMed databases.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting current nutritional practices.
  • Discussion of pre- and postoperative nutritional considerations.

Main Results:

  • Nutritional support is paramount for critically ill infants with CHD.
  • Improved nutrition correlates with increased survival and decreased morbidity.
  • Perioperative nutritional strategies are key areas for clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal perioperative nutritional support can lead to further gains in patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to define ideal nutrient composition, delivery modes, and timing.
  • A clinical culture prioritizing optimal nutrition is essential for this vulnerable population.
Abstract

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