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Vascular Dysfunction in Leukoaraiosis
K Sam1,2, A P Crawley3,2, J Poublanc2
1From the Departments of Physiology (K.S., J.D., J.A.F.).
AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|August 6, 2016
Summary
Leukoaraiosis is linked to reduced cerebrovascular reactivity and abnormal blood flow in white matter. This study highlights impaired blood flow regulation as a key factor in leukoaraiosis pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- The pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis, a condition affecting white matter in the brain, is not fully understood.
- Cerebrovascular reactivity is an emerging mechanism potentially playing a significant role in leukoaraiosis development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate blood flow dysregulation in leukoaraiosis.
- To evaluate the relationship between cerebrovascular reactivity and leukoaraiosis.
Main Methods:
- Assessed cerebrovascular reactivity using 3T MRI in 75 older adults with leukoaraiosis.
- Quantified leukoaraiosis regions using diffusion MRI, quantitative T2, and DSC perfusion MRI.
Main Results:
- White matter hyperintensities showed significantly reduced cerebrovascular reactivity (61.2% lower) compared to normal-appearing white matter.
- Abnormalities in fractional anisotropy, cerebral blood flow (CBF), T2, mean diffusivity, time-to-maximum (TTP), and cerebral blood volume were observed in leukoaraiosis regions.
- Reduced cerebrovascular reactivity was found to be a sensitive indicator of vascular insufficiency in leukoaraiosis.
Conclusions:
- Leukoaraiosis is characterized by both abnormal resting blood flow metrics and reduced cerebrovascular reactivity.
- Impaired cerebrovascular reactivity is a significant finding in leukoaraiosis, potentially more sensitive than resting blood flow measures.
- Further research is needed to compare resting and dynamic blood flow measures in understanding leukoaraiosis pathogenesis.
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