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Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancements in Refractive Surgical Correction for Presbyopia and Exploring Postoperative Visual Acuity
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Through-focus performance with a corneal shape-changing inlay: One-year results.

Jeffrey Whitman1, John Hovanesian1, Roger F Steinert1

  • 1From the Key-Whitman Eye Center (Whitman), Dallas, and the Cullen Eye Institute (Koch), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Harvard Eye Associates (Hovanesian), Laguna Hills, and the Gavin Herbert Eye Institute (Steinert), University of California, Irvine, California; Science in Vision (Potvin), Akron, New York, USA.

Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
|August 6, 2016
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Summary

This study shows that a corneal inlay significantly improves near and intermediate vision for presbyopia patients without compromising distance vision. Patients experienced better reading acuity and overall satisfaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Corneal Surgery
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • Presbyopia, an age-related condition, reduces the eye's ability to focus on near objects.
  • Current treatments for presbyopia include reading glasses, multifocal contact lenses, and refractive surgery.
  • Corneal inlays offer a potential surgical solution to restore near and intermediate vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a corneal inlay in improving through-focus acuity and visual function.
  • To assess changes in visual acuity at distance, intermediate, and near after inlay implantation.
  • To determine the impact of the inlay on patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial was conducted at two US clinical practices.
  • Emmetropic patients with presbyopia received the Raindrop Near Vision Inlay in their non-dominant eye.
  • Visual functions, including defocus curves, required reading addition, contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity, were measured preoperatively and at 1-year postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • One year post-implantation, distance-corrected near acuity improved by over 3 lines, with 97% of patients achieving uncorrected visual acuity of 20/32 or better at all distances.
  • The inlay enabled functional vision across a 3.50 diopter range of defocus, with a mean reduction of 1.60 D in the required reading addition.
  • No significant changes in binocular contrast sensitivity were observed, but overall patient satisfaction was high.

Conclusions:

  • The corneal inlay effectively enhances functional vision at intermediate and near distances in emmetropic presbyopia patients.
  • The inlay provides a significant increase in the range of functional vision without compromising distance visual acuity.
  • This corneal inlay represents a promising option for managing presbyopia, improving near and intermediate vision with high patient satisfaction.