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Etiology and clinical pattern of cervical lymphadenopathy in Sudanese children

Jalal Ali Bilal1, Eltahir M Elshibly2

  • 1(1) Pediatric department, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia; (2) Departments of Paediatrics and Child Health. University of Khartoum, Sudan.

Sudanese Journal of Paediatrics
|August 6, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Cervical lymphadenopathy (CLA) in children is often challenging to diagnose. This study found inflammatory causes like toxoplasmosis and reactive hyperplasia are most common, with Hodgkin

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cervical lymphadenopathy (CLA) is a frequent pediatric concern, often presenting diagnostic challenges.
  • Identifying the etiology of CLA is crucial for appropriate management in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causes of cervical lymphadenopathy in Sudanese children.
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of routine laboratory investigations for CLA.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective data collection from 80 children with palpable cervical nodes.
  • Laboratory analyses included complete blood count, ESR, Mantoux test, lymph node aspiration cytology, and serology (HIV, EBV, toxoplasmosis).

Main Results:

  • Specific etiologies were identified in 62.5% of cases.
  • Common causes included non-specific reactive hyperplasia (37.5%), toxoplasmosis (27.5%), Epstein-Barr virus (13.8%), and tuberculous adenitis (10%).
  • Hodgkin's lymphoma was the only malignancy identified (5%); mobile lymph nodes correlated with inflammatory conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory conditions represent the majority of CLA causes in Sudanese children.
  • Routine laboratory tests, including ESR, TWBC, hemoglobin, and Mantoux, are valuable adjuncts to cytology and serology for diagnosis.

Keywords:
LymphadenopathySudancervical lymphadenopathyetiology

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