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The Spatial Representation of Angles.

Antonia Fumarola1, Valter Prpic1, Deanna Fornasier1

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy.

Perception
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engineering students show a spatial-numerical association for angle magnitude, linking larger angles to left-hand responses and smaller angles to right-hand responses. This suggests education influences mental representations of angles.

Keywords:
anglesmagnitudenumber processingspatial response compatibilityspatial-numerical association of response codes

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Spatial Cognition
  • Mathematics Education

Background:

  • Numerical quantities are associated with response side (Spatial-Numerical Association of Response Codes effect).
  • Angles are typically taught with a right-to-left progression, potentially influencing their mental representation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if angle magnitude is associated with response execution side.
  • To determine if this association follows a spatially oriented mental line.
  • To explore the influence of expertise (civil engineering vs. psychology students) on this association.

Main Methods:

  • Two experiments were conducted with civil engineering and psychology students.
  • Experiment 1: Judged angle arm continuity (task-irrelevant magnitude).
  • Experiment 2: Judged angle magnitude relative to 90° (task-relevant magnitude).

Main Results:

  • Civil engineering students showed a significant association: faster left-hand responses to large angles, faster right-hand responses to small angles.
  • Psychology students did not exhibit reliable left- or right-hand response differences.
  • The association in engineering students indicated a right-to-left (counter-clockwise) spatial direction.

Conclusions:

  • Angle magnitude, like numerical quantities, can be associated with response side.
  • This association appears to be influenced by education and practice, particularly in fields like civil engineering.
  • The findings suggest that specialized training can shape the mental representation of abstract concepts like angles.