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Visual consequences of electronic reader use: a pilot study
Marlon M Maducdoc1, Asghar Haider2, Angèle Nalbandian3
1Irvine School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
International Ophthalmology
|August 7, 2016
Summary
Reading on electronic readers (e-readers) like iPads can cause more eyestrain and irritation compared to traditional paper. This study found significantly higher rates of discomfort among e-reader users.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Human-Computer Interaction
- Digital Health
Background:
- Increasing use of e-readers for professional and vocational purposes necessitates investigation into potential visual consequences.
- Limited research exists on quantifying eyestrain incidence/severity or identifying predisposing factors related to e-reader use.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare eyestrain levels between e-reader (iPad) and traditional print reading formats.
- To assess the rate of eyestrain and identify any associated clinical characteristics in e-reader users.
Main Methods:
- A pilot study randomly assigned 44 students to either an e-reader (iPad) or print control group for a 1-hour reading session.
- Measurements included participant posture, room luminosity, and reading distance.
- Post-session questionnaires assessed reported symptoms of eyestrain and irritation.
Main Results:
- The e-reader (iPad) group reported significantly higher rates of eyestrain (p=0.008) and irritation (p=0.011) compared to the print group.
- Participants using the e-reader were 4.9 times more likely to report severe eyestrain.
- No specific clinical characteristics were identified as predisposing factors for eyestrain.
Conclusions:
- Reading on e-readers may lead to increased levels of eye irritation and eyestrain.
- Further research is needed to determine predisposing factors, the underlying etiology, and potential interventions for e-reader-induced eyestrain.
