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Diabetic macular oedema.

Gavin S Tan1, Ning Cheung1, Rafael Simó2

  • 1Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology
|August 7, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Diabetic macular oedema is a leading cause of vision loss in diabetics, affecting millions globally. Research is exploring new treatments beyond anti-VEGF therapies to improve outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Diabetology
  • Medical Research

Background:

  • Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is the primary cause of diabetes-related vision loss, impacting over 20 million worldwide.
  • Risk factors include poor glycemic and blood pressure control, with underlying pathophysiology involving chronic hyperglycemia and VEGF.
  • Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables early detection and monitoring of DMO.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current understanding of diabetic macular oedema.
  • To discuss established and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To highlight areas for future research in DMO management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies and pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Analysis of current and novel treatment modalities for DMO.

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  • Discussion of advancements in diagnostic imaging and therapeutic targets.
  • Main Results:

    • Poor glycemic and blood pressure control are key risk factors for DMO.
    • Anti-VEGF intraocular pharmacotherapy is the current standard of care, but has limitations.
    • Emerging strategies focus on enhancing VEGF suppression, targeting inflammation, and exploring alternative pathways.

    Conclusions:

    • Diabetic macular oedema requires ongoing research for improved screening, diagnosis, and management.
    • Novel therapeutic approaches are being investigated to overcome limitations of current treatments.
    • Integrated strategies targeting multiple pathways show promise for future DMO therapy.