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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Clinical-oriented Three-dimensional Gait Analysis Method for Evaluating Gait Disorder
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Reliability of 3D gait data across multiple laboratories.

Kenton Kaufman1, Emily Miller2, Trevor Kingsbury3

  • 1Biomechanics-Motion Analysis Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Gait & Posture
|August 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary

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This study found that gait analysis is repeatable across different labs and sessions. Standardizing walking speed significantly improves the reliability of kinetic data, making biomechanical assessments more consistent.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Gait Analysis
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Gait analysis is crucial for understanding human locomotion and diagnosing movement disorders.
  • Repeatability of gait analysis across multiple trials, sessions, and laboratories is essential for reliable clinical and research applications.
  • Variability in gait data can arise from inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-laboratory differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the repeatability of kinematic and kinetic gait parameters across multiple trials, sessions, and laboratories.
  • To identify sources of variability in gait analysis data.
  • To determine the impact of walking speed standardization on gait data reliability.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy participants underwent gait analysis in three different Department of Defense Centers of Excellence.
Keywords:
GaitMotion analysisReliabilityReproducibility of results

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  • Kinematic and kinetic data were collected during five walking trials per limb at self-selected and Froude speeds.
  • Inter-trial, inter-session, and inter-laboratory errors were calculated and averaged across subjects.
  • Main Results:

    • Median inter-laboratory kinematic errors were consistently below 5.0° for all joint angle measurements.
    • Kinetic errors were significantly higher at self-selected walking speeds (median 0.112 Nm/kg) compared to Froude speeds (median 0.048 Nm/kg).
    • Standardizing gait speed to Froude speed substantially reduced inter-laboratory kinetic errors.

    Conclusions:

    • Gait analysis can yield reliable data across multiple laboratories, especially when gait speed is standardized.
    • Standardized walking speed is critical for improving the consistency of kinetic gait parameters.
    • Consistent use of identical anatomical segment definitions across sites contributed to data reliability.