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Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Hassan Bazmamoun1, Mandana Rafeey2, Maryam Nikpouri3
1Department of Pediatric, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
Insights
Children with type 1 diabetes have a higher prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, particularly those with longer diabetes duration. Screening for H. pylori is recommended for these pediatric patients.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Endocrinology
- Infectious Diseases
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common bacterial infection with uncertain prevalence in diabetic patients.
- Type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is a significant pediatric endocrine condition.
- Assessing H. pylori prevalence in children with type 1 diabetes is crucial for understanding associated health risks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children with type 1 diabetes.
- To compare H. pylori infection rates between diabetic and non-diabetic children.
- To investigate correlations between H. pylori infection and diabetes-related factors.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 80 children with type 1 diabetes and 80 non-diabetic children.
- Participants were recruited from Endocrinology and GI Clinics at Tabriz Educational and Treatment Center.
- H. pylori infection was assessed using antibody (IgG) and stool antigen (HpSA) tests.
Main Results:
- H. pylori infection was significantly more prevalent in diabetic children (60%) compared to non-diabetic children (40%) (P=0.030).
- A significant correlation was found between H. pylori infection and longer diabetes duration (P<0.001).
- No significant correlation was observed between H. pylori infection and age, HbA1C, age at diagnosis, insulin dosage, or GI symptoms.
Conclusions:
- Children with type 1 diabetes, especially those with longer disease duration, are at increased risk of H. pylori infection.
- Routine screening for H. pylori infection is beneficial for managing children with type 1 diabetes.
- Early detection and management of H. pylori can mitigate potential complications in this vulnerable pediatric population.
Background:
Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections. There is challenge on the real rate of prevalence of H. pylori in diabetic patients. This study was done to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children suffering from type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Methods:
In this case-control study, 80 diabetic patients (as the target group) refer to the Endocrinology Clinic of Tabriz Educational and Treatment Center, Tabriz northwestern Iran and 80 non-diabetic patients (as the control group) from the group of children referring to the GI Clinic of the same center were enrolled in 2012 and 2013. Then H. pylori infection was assessed in two groups using measuring antibody (IgG) and stool antigen (HpSA).
Results:
H. pylori infection tests were positive in 48 (60%) diabetic patients and in 32 (40%) in non-diabetic patients (P=0.030). There was a meaningful correlation between the frequency of H. pylori and the longer the duration of diabetes (P<0.001). No correlation was seen between H. pylori infection and other factors such as age of the patients (P=0.840), HbA1C level (P=0.312), age at which diabetes was diagnosed (P=0.800), average daily dosage of insulin (P=0.232), and presence of GI symptoms (P=0.430).
Conclusions:
Type 1 diabetic children especially cases with the longer duration of diabetes, are at risk acquiring H. pylori infection. Therefore, screening of H. pylori infection is helpful on the follow up of these patients.
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