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Wave summation
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 25, 2026

Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function
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Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function

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Low-frequency deep brain stimulation for movement disorders.

José Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo1, Marlene Alonso-Juarez2

  • 1Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.

Parkinsonism & Related Disorders
|August 8, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Low-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) below 100 Hz offers a viable treatment for specific movement disorders. This approach can improve symptoms like freezing of gait and reduce energy consumption.

Keywords:
Deep brain stimulationDystoniaGlobus pallidus internusParkinson's diseaseProgramming strategiesSubthalamic nucleus

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Deep brain stimulation (DBS) traditionally uses frequencies ≥100 Hz for movement disorders (MDs).
  • Emerging evidence supports low-frequency stimulation (LFS) <100 Hz as a treatment option for select MD patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical and pathophysiological evidence for LFS (<100 Hz) in various MDs.
  • To assess the efficacy and potential benefits of LFS in treating movement disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing clinical and pathophysiological studies on LFS in MDs.
  • Analysis of data from studies investigating subthalamic nucleus, pedunculopontine nucleus, and globus pallidus internus stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Subthalamic nucleus stimulation at 60 Hz improved gait and axial symptoms (swallowing, speech).
  • Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation (20-45 Hz) benefited freezing of gait, cognition, and sleep in Parkinson's disease.
  • Globus pallidus internus stimulation <100 Hz showed initial benefits in dystonia, requiring frequency adjustments over time.
  • LFS can reduce energy consumption and battery usage.

Conclusions:

  • LFS (<100 Hz) is a therapeutic option for specific Parkinson's disease cases with freezing of gait and axial symptoms.
  • LFS is also beneficial for select dystonia and hyperkinetic movement disorder patients.
  • LFS offers an energy-saving strategy, particularly for patients with high current energy needs.