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First Things First: Vital Protein Marks by N-Terminal Acetyltransferases
Henriette Aksnes1, Adrian Drazic1, Michaël Marie1
1Department of Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway.
Trends in Biochemical Sciences
|August 8, 2016
Summary
N-terminal acetylation, a protein modification, can occur post-translationally and impacts various biological processes. This process is crucial for regulating protein function, stability, and cellular responses in both plants and humans.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
- Genetics
Background:
- N-terminal (Nt) acetylation is a prevalent co-translational protein modification.
- Recent discoveries show Golgi- and chloroplast-resident N-terminal acetyltransferases (NATs) enable post-translational Nt-acetylation.
- Nt-acetylation is implicated in the N-end rule pathway, influencing protein degradation and cellular functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize recent advances in understanding N-terminal acetylation.
- To highlight the diverse roles of Nt-acetylation in biological pathways.
- To underscore the significance of Nt-acetylation in human health and plant biology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on N-terminal acetylation.
- Analysis of findings related to Golgi- and chloroplast-resident NATs.
- Synthesis of data on the functional consequences of Nt-acetylation.
Main Results:
- Nt-acetylation can occur post-translationally via newly identified NATs.
- Nt-acetylation acts as a degradation signal in the N-end rule pathway, affecting blood pressure regulation.
- Nt-acetylation influences protein interactions, targeting, folding, plant drought resistance, and immune responses.
Conclusions:
- Nt-acetylation is a key regulatory factor in numerous biological pathways.
- Dysfunctional human NATs are linked to Ogden syndrome and intellectual/cardiovascular defects.
- Nt-acetylation plays critical roles in both plant and human cellular processes.
Keywords:
N-terminal acetylationN-terminal acetyltransferase (NAT)Nα-acetyltransferase (Naa)protein foldingprotein interactionsprotein stability.More Related Videos
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