Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 16, 2026
05:50
Ameliorating Osteoarthritis in Mice Using Silver Nanoparticles
Published on: June 2, 2023
2.0K
Developing anti-inflammatory therapeutics for patients with osteoarthritis
Ashleigh M Philp1, Edward T Davis2, Simon W Jones1
1Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Medical School, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham.
Rheumatology (Oxford, England)
|August 8, 2016
Summary
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease lacking progression-halting treatments. This review explores targeting inflammation, not just cartilage wear, as a promising therapeutic strategy for OA management.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology and Orthopedics
- Molecular Biology and Pathology
- Clinical Trial Design and Therapeutics
Background:
- Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disorder globally, characterized by progressive joint damage.
- Current OA therapeutic strategies primarily focus on cartilage degeneration, with no approved treatments to halt disease progression.
- Emerging evidence implicates inflammation as a critical factor in OA pathology, independent of mechanical load, particularly in obesity-related OA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To re-evaluate existing clinical trial data concerning anti-inflammatory therapeutics for OA.
- To identify and discuss novel and emerging therapeutic targets for OA.
- To provide insights into optimizing future clinical trial designs for OA therapeutics.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and re-analysis of historical clinical trial data for anti-inflammatory drugs in OA.
- Literature review of current research on inflammatory pathways in OA pathogenesis.
- Analysis of the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and OA joint pathology.
Main Results:
- Historical data on anti-inflammatory agents in OA trials are being re-evaluated for therapeutic potential.
- Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a central mechanism in OA, suggesting new therapeutic avenues.
- The link between obesity and OA extends beyond mechanical stress, highlighting the role of inflammatory mediators.
Conclusions:
- Targeting inflammation presents a potentially rewarding therapeutic strategy for managing Osteoarthritis (OA) progression.
- Emerging therapeutic targets offer new hope for disease modification in OA.
- Future clinical trial designs should incorporate a deeper understanding of inflammatory processes in OA.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Glucocorticoids
598
Glucocorticoids, a class of anti-inflammatory drugs, are pivotal in treating moderate to severe Crohn's disease by inducing remission. They exhibit their anti-inflammatory action by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1, and chemokines like IL-8. In addition, they reduce the expression of inflammatory cell adhesion molecules and inhibit gene transcription of nitric oxide synthase, phospholipase A2, cyclooxygenase-2...
598
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Immunomodulatory Agents
639
Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disorder marked by chronic inflammation of the GI tract. Various treatment strategies for Crohn's disease are employed, such as immunomodulatory agents, glucocorticoids, and biologics or anti-TNF therapy. Azathioprine (Imuran), a commonly used immunomodulatory drug for Crohn's disease, is converted in the body to mercaptopurine, which inhibits purine biosynthesis and cell proliferation. Both are utilized in severe cases of Inflammatory Bowel...
639
01:29Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management
899
Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...
Pharmacologic...
899
01:24Drugs for Treatment of Crohn's Disease in IBD Using Biologic Agents: Anti-TNF
702
Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF), a proinflammatory cytokine, contributes significantly to the inflammation seen in Crohn's disease. It exists as soluble TNF and membrane-bound TNF, with actions mediated through TNF receptors (TNFR). TNFR activation leads to the release of proinflammatory cytokines, T-cell activation, collagen production, and leukocyte migration, all contributing to inflammation in Crohn's disease. Anti-TNF monoclonal antibodies, namely infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab...
702
01:29Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
594
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
594
01:20Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Prostaglandin Analogs as Mucosal Protective Agents
1.4K
The gastric mucosa produces prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and prostacyclin (PGI2), crucial in maintaining gastric health. They exert cytoprotective effects, including increasing bicarbonate secretion, releasing protective mucin, reducing gastric acid output, and preventing harmful vasoconstriction. These effects are mediated through various receptors, such as EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can induce peptic ulcers by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, decreasing...
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can induce peptic ulcers by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, decreasing...
1.4K