Epidemiology of coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome
Fabian Sanchis-Gomar1, Carme Perez-Quilis1, Roman Leischik2
1Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('i+12'), Madrid, Spain ;
Insights
Coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality is declining in the West but remains a major cause of death globally. Effective primary prevention strategies are crucial, especially in developing nations, to address rising mortality rates.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Coronary heart disease (CHD) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) represent significant global health challenges.
- While Western countries have seen declining CHD mortality, it still accounts for a substantial proportion of deaths in adults over 35.
- Mortality rates from CHD are projected to increase in developing countries.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the incidence, prevalence, mortality trends, and prognosis of CHD and ACS.
- To highlight the ongoing burden of CHD globally.
- To emphasize the need for enhanced primary prevention strategies worldwide.
Main Methods:
- This study is a review of existing literature on coronary heart disease and acute coronary syndrome.
- Data on incidence, prevalence, mortality trends, and prognosis were synthesized.
- Focus was placed on global trends, with specific attention to developed and developing countries.
Main Results:
- CHD mortality has decreased in recent decades in Western nations.
- CHD remains a leading cause of death, responsible for approximately one-third of all deaths in individuals over 35 years old.
- An increase in CHD mortality is anticipated in developing countries.
Conclusions:
- Despite progress in some regions, CHD continues to be a major global health concern.
- The rising mortality trend in developing countries necessitates urgent public health interventions.
- Identifying at-risk populations and implementing targeted primary prevention measures are essential for global CHD control.
Abstract:
The aim of this review is to summarize the incidence, prevalence, trend in mortality, and general prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) and a related condition, acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Although CHD mortality has gradually declined over the last decades in western countries, this condition still causes about one-third of all deaths in people older than 35 years. This evidence, along with the fact that mortality from CHD is expected to continue increasing in developing countries, illustrates the need for implementing effective primary prevention approaches worldwide and identifying risk groups and areas for possible improvement.
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