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Comparison of Respiratory Outcomes between Preterm Small-For-Gestational-Age and Appropriate-For-Gestational-Age

Amy L Turitz1, Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman1

  • 1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York.

American Journal of Perinatology
|August 9, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Small for gestational age (SGA) preterm infants are not more likely to develop respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This study found no significant association between SGA status and RDS or other adverse respiratory outcomes in preterm neonates.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a significant concern in preterm infants.
  • Small for gestational age (SGA) is a common condition in neonates, and its association with adverse respiratory outcomes requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between being small for gestational age (SGA) and the likelihood of developing respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants.
  • To assess if SGA impacts other composite respiratory and neonatal adverse outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a multicenter trial data.
  • Nested case-control study including nonanomalous, singleton preterm infants (22 0/7 to 36 6/7 weeks).
  • Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant association was found between SGA status and RDS (aOR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.48-2.38).
  • SGA was also not associated with composite respiratory (aOR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.37-2.04) or adverse neonatal outcomes (aOR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.27-1.54).
  • Earlier gestational age, cesarean delivery, and male gender were most associated with RDS and composite respiratory outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Small for gestational age (SGA) is not a risk factor for respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants.
  • The study did not find an association between SGA and other adverse respiratory or neonatal outcomes.

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